2a-c] Knee Part 1 + ACL

Question 1

Laxity is a

Answer 1

Sign

Question 2

Instability is a

Answer 2

Symptom

Question 3

Ligament strength

Answer 3

MCL > PCL > ACL > LCL

Question 4

MOI for ACL

Answer 4

Non-contact
Deceleration with twist
Valgus collapse
IR or IR+hyperextension
Cutting maneuver- unhappy triad

Question 5

Signs and Sx for ACL

Answer 5

Acute hemarthrosis
“Pop” with effusion
Can’t continue playing

Question 6

Special tests for ACL

Answer 6

Lachman
Anterior drawer
Macintosh lateral pivot shift

Question 7

Which lig is twice as strong as ACL?

Answer 7

PCL

Question 8

MOI for PCL

Answer 8

Flex knee with PF
Hyperextension (ACL goes first)
Posterior rotation force
Valgus/varus rotation (collateral goes first)

Question 9

Physical exam for PCL

Answer 9

Swollen knee, tender calf, loss of tibial plateau prominence

Question 10

Special tests for PCL

Answer 10

Posterior drawer

Godfrey “sag” sign

Question 11

MOI for MCL injury

Answer 11

Valgus force (0-90)

Question 12

Signs and symptoms for MCL

Answer 12

Local swelling
Tender
Pain with valgus stress

Question 13

What sign does MCL injury NOT have

Answer 13

It doesnt have hemiarthrosis

Question 14

Why is there no hemiarthrosis in MCL?

Answer 14

MCL is extraarticular

Question 15

Special tests for MCL

Answer 15

Valgus stress tests

Question 16

Signs and symptoms for MCL injury

Answer 16

Usually walk with flexed knee
Tender at tibial insertion
Tender at adductor tubercle
Swelling

Question 17

MOI for LCL

Answer 17

Varus force; usually associated with ACL or PCL

Question 18

Signs and Sx of LCL injury

Answer 18

Local swelling
Tender
Pain with varus stress
NO hemiarthrosis (extraarticular)

Question 19

Special tests for LCL

Answer 19

Varus stress test

Question 20

ACL rehab: NM training, aggressive quad strengthening

Answer 20

Pre-operative

Question 21

ACL rehab: BPTB or hamstring autograft or soft tissue allograft

Answer 21

Surgical intervention

Question 22

ACL rehab: ACLR rehab guidelines

Answer 22

Post operative

Question 23

Days 1-7 for ACL rehab

Answer 23

Control swelling
Full active knee extension (patellar mobility)
Quad strength
Gait training

Question 24

Exercises according to article

Answer 24

NMES with knees in 60 flex.
Wall squat with more bend and weight on impaired knee.
Prone hang
Single leg balance
Single leg cone pick up

Question 25

When does running start?

Answer 25

3-5 months

Question 26

When can level II sports start?

Answer 26

6-9 months

Question 27

When can level I sports start?

Answer 27

6-12 months

Question 28

Level 1 return to play?

Answer 28

4 months to NEVER.

But average is 9 months.

Question 29

Outcomes for allografts

Answer 29

5 more likely to require revision

Question 30

Outcomes for ipsilateral re-tear

Answer 30

Men 3x more likely. 
Hamstring autograft
Young
Graft angle
3.9 xCutting sports

Question 31

Contralateral tear outcomes

Answer 31

Women 6x more likely
BPTB older
5x cutting sports

Question 32

ACL injury is more likely to happen to who and what age?

Answer 32

Women and younger than 18

Question 33

You risk of re-injury of ACL is higher?

Answer 33

If you go back sooner, if youre younger,
Males (ipsi)
Females (contra)

Question 34

ACL deficient athletes are at risk of?

Answer 34

Re-injury
Meniscus tearing
Articulation cartilage damage

Question 35

What is a true coper?

Answer 35

No giving way episodes following injury

Question 36

Classification criteria for coping.

Non coppers= fail ATLEAST ONE criteria.

Answer 36

Less than or = to 1 giving way episode
6 meter timed hop > = 80% LSI
KOS-ADLS >= 80%
GRS >= 60%

Question 37

Perturbation training does what?

Answer 37

Improves knee function

Variable response to rehab

Question 38

Goals of perturbation training

Answer 38

Break up rigid co-contraction

Promote fast, selective muscle responses