2a

Question 1

Five parts of a cell that both plant and animal cells have

Answer 1

cytoplasm- most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes
cell membrane- controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
mitochondria- most energy is released by respiration here
ribosomes- protein synthesis happens here
nucleus- contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell

Question 2

What three things do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?

Answer 2

cell wall- strengthens the cell
chloroplasts- contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
permanent vacuole- filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid

Question 3

Where is the genetic material found in bacteria cells?

Answer 3

The genetic material floats in the cytoplasm because bacterial cells don’t have a nucleus

Question 4

Where is the genetic material found in animal cells?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

What is diffusion?

Answer 5

spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 6

Three substances that can diffuse through cell membranes

Answer 6

Carbon dioxide and oxygen are two molecules that undergo this simple diffusion through the membrane. The simple diffusion of water is known as osmosis

Question 7

Two substances that cant diffuse through cell membranes

Answer 7

Large polar molecules

Macromolecules

Question 8

Three ways a palisade leaf cell is adapted for photosynthesis

Answer 8

Palisade cell layer at top of leaf- absorb more light
Spongy layer- air spaces allow carbon dioxide to diffuse through the leaf, and increase the surface area
Chloroplasts- to absorb all the available light

Question 9

Three ways a sperm cell is adapted for swimming to an egg cell

Answer 9

The head contains genetic information and an enzyme to help penetrate the egg cell membrane. The middle section is packed with mitochondria for energy. The tail moves the sperm to the egg.

Question 10

What is a tissue?

Answer 10

A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function. It can include more than one type of cell.

Question 11

What is an organ?

Answer 11

An organ is a group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function.

Question 12

Three examples of a plant tissue

Answer 12

Epidermal tissue- covers the plant
Mesophyll- carries out photosynthesis
Xylem and Phloem- Transport of substances around the plant

Question 13

Three examples of a plant organ

Answer 13

• Roots
• Stems
• Leaves

Question 14

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 14

Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

Question 15

one organ system found in the body

Answer 15

The stomach and small intestine, which digest food.

Question 16

What is the green substance in plants that absorb light?

Answer 16

chlorophyll

Question 17

three factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 17

• light
• temperature
• carbon dioxide

Question 18

Why is it important that a plant doesn’t get too hot?

Answer 18

They won’t have enough water to grow. Leaves will start to turn yellow at the tip which will slowly cover the whole leaf.

Question 19

Why is glucose turned into starch when plants need to store it for later?

Answer 19

So it cannot escape from the cells

Question 20

What is a habitat?

Answer 20

the natural home or environment

Question 21

Transect

Answer 21

A transect is a line across a habitat or part of a habitat. It can be as simple as a string or rope placed in a line on the ground. The number of organisms of each species can be observed and recorded at regular intervals along the transec