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Unit 5 History 2023 > 29.1 > Flashcards

29.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What democracys tried to preserve peace?

A

Western

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2
Q

What countries were trying to build nations?

A
  • Italy
  • Germany
  • Japan
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3
Q

Dictators only took pleas for peace from…

A

Democracies

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4
Q

Who saw peace as a weakness (2 people 1 group of people)

A
  • Mussolini
  • Hitler
  • Japanese leaders
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5
Q

How did the people who saw peace as weakness respond?

A

They responded with aggression

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6
Q

Democratic policies are a product of…

A

Long and careful deliberation

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7
Q

Japans ultranationalists and military leaders thought japan should have just as much power as…

A

The Western Powers

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8
Q

Because Japans thought they should have as much power as WP what did they do?

A

Seized Manchuria in 1931

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9
Q

League of Nations condemned Japans…

A

Aggression

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10
Q

Because of the condemned aggression what did Japan do (involves LoN)

A

They withdrew from the League of Nations

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11
Q

1937 Japan overan most of what country?

A

Eastern China

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12
Q

What war did Japanese success start?

A

Second Sino- Japanese war

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13
Q

Did Western Protests stop Japan?

A

No

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14
Q

Who did Italy lose to in 1896 and what battle was it?

A

Ethiopians in the battle of Adowa

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15
Q

What did Mussolini do to Ethiopians in 1935 and why (war related)

A

Attacked Ethiopians because they had outdated weapons

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16
Q

Who went to the League of Nations for help during the second battle of Italy v. Ethiopians?

A

Ethiopians king Haile Selassie

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17
Q

What does sanctions mean?

A

Penalties

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18
Q

Who did the League of Nations vote sanctions against and why?

A

Italy because they violated the international law

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19
Q

What did the LoN sanctions against Italy fail?

A

Because they had no power to enforce the sanctions

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20
Q

Who won the second battle between ethiopia and Italy in 1936?

A

Italy

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21
Q

How did Germany defied the Treaty of Versailles?

A

Hitler built the German military

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22
Q

Where were German troops sent in 1936?

A

Rhine to demilitarize

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23
Q

What made Hitler popular in Germany?

A

His defiance of the ToV

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24
Q

To keep the peace WP adopted…

A

Appeasement

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25
Appeasement definition?
Giving into demands of an aggressor in order to keep the peace
26
Why was appeasement made by the WP?
- France couldn't survive a German attack without Britain - Britain didn't want to stand up to a German dictator
27
What did B+F see Hitler and Fascism as a defense against?
The spread of Soviet Communism
28
What was there a widespread of in the WP?
Pacifism
29
What is pacifism?
Oppositions to all war, and previous disgust with the destruction of previous war pushed many governments to seek peace at any price.
30
What gathered in Europe in 1930?
Warclouds
31
US passed what acts in 1930 once war clouds started?
Neutrality Acts
32
What were the Neutrality Acts?
One law that forbade the state of arms to any nation at war
33
Because of the Neutrality Acts the US couldn't...
- Give loans to other countries - No americans can travel on warring ships
34
Why were the Neutrality Acts made?
To avoid involvement in the war (US involvement)
35
Who made up what was called the Rome - Berlin - Tokyo Axis or the Axis Powers?
- Germany - Italy - Japan
36
What did Axis Power agree to fight (a form of gov.)
Soviet Communism
37
What did the Axis power agree to not limit?
Another Axis countries territorial expansion
38
What 1936 event polarized the public's opinion in Europe and why?
- Local struggle in Spain - Because of popular unrest against old rule (caused king to leave Spain in 1931)
39
After the king left what did the Liberal Constitution Republican Government do?
- Made controversial reforms - Taking land - Taking privileges from the church and old ruling classes
40
What did Leftists demand?
More radical reforms
41
Who lead the 1936 revolt and what did it top off?
- Francisco Franco - Topped of the bloody Civil War
42
Who was Francisco Franco?
Constitutional General
43
Who rallied behind Francisco?
- Fascists - Right wing policy supporters (nationalists)
44
Who supported the republics (aka loyalists)
- Communists - Socialists - People who wanted democracy
45
Other nations picked side as well, whos side is Mussolini and Hitler pick?
Francisco's
46
Who did the SU rallie behind?
Loyalists
47
Who fought with loyalists even though it "wasn't allowed"
- Individuals from - US - France - Britain - Anti - Nazis - Anti - Fascist Italians
48
What small market did Germany bomb in April 1937?
Guernica
49
What did they do to the survivors of the bombings?
Shot them with guns from aircrafts
50
Why did the Nazis attack Guernica?
It was an experiment of new tech and a warning for other countries about modern warefare
51
What did Franco do in 1939 after their victory?
He created a Fascist government(like Mussolini and Hitler) - He also brought back old reforms
52
After Francisco's victory what did Hitler achieve?
His goal of having a German speaking people in the Third Reich
53
What did Hitler think the Germans right was and why? Hint: It has to do with eastern slavs
To take over the eastern slavs because of superiority
54
What would the German take over gain (before or in 1938)
- Military Equipment - Raw Materials
55
What did Hitler want to build in March 1938?
Anschluss
56
What was Anschluss?
The unions of Austria and Germany
57
What did Hitler do when the Chancellor of Austria refused Anschluss?
He sent German troops down do "preserve order"
58
Where did Hitler make his speech and why?
- Hofburg Palace - The speech was to assert power - Hofburg Palace was the residence of Hapsburg Emporors
59
What did Anschluss cause a war scare?
Because it violated the ToV
60
What Austrains were silenced?
The ones who opposed annexation
61
Why did Hitler get his way with Austria?
Because WP did nothing
62
What country did Hitler go to after Austria?
Czech
63
Who did Hitler insist were given autonomy?
3 million German in sudetenland
64
Sudetenland?
Region of western Czechoslovakia
65
Czech was 1 of 2 what?
Remaining Democracies in Eastern Europe
66
Britain and France decided they were not going to... (Czech)
Go to war to save Czech
67
Britain and France searched for peace and Hitler...
Rose his demands
68
What did France and Britain give Hitler in September 1938?
They gave into his demands (appeasement)
69
Where was it established that F and B would give Hitler his demands? (conference)
Munich Conference
70
What did Hitler assure B and F?
That he would no longer expand his teritory
71
What did the PM Neville Chamberlain say after Munich Conference?
That he "achieved peace for their time" and that he save Czech from expansion
72
Who called Chamberlain and the crowd fools for cheering at their "peace"
Edward Daladier
73
Who was Edward Daladier?
French Leader
74
Who judged diplomats and why? (it is a person)
- Winston Churchill - Because they just gave up and gave into Hitlers demands
75
What did Winston Churchill warn about?
Nazi threat
76
What did Hitler break in March 1939 and what did he do?
He broke his promise and he took Czech
77
Who did F and B promise to protect after appeasement failed?
Poland
78
What did Hitler announce in August 1939?
A nonaggression pact with Stalin (Hitler enemy)
79
What did the South - Soviet - Pact do?
Bound Hitler and Stalin to peaceful relations
80
What did Stalin and Hitler agree on in their pact?
If one went to war the other didn't have to
81
What did Hitler and Stalin agree to divide?
Poland and other parts of Europe between them
82
What cultural need was the S-S-P based on?
- Hitler feared Communism - Stalin feared Fascism
83
What did Hitler not plan on? (S-S-P)
Dividing Poland
84
Where did Stalin look for Allies?
In Western Democracies
85
What pact to Stalin agree to? (what did it do)
- A pact to avoid war with Germany - Gain land in Europe
86
What did Germany do on September 1st?
Germany invaded Poland
87
What did F and B do on September 3rd and what was it the start of?
- F and B declared war and Germany - It was the start of WW2
88
Was the war better or worse than everyone had imagined?
Worse

Unit 5 History 2023 (4 decks)

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