2.8 cell respiration

Question 1

define cell respiration

Answer 1

cell respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds to produce ATP

Question 2

describe how ATP acts as the energy currency for the cell

Answer 2

ATP is composed of sugar and base (adenosine) connected to the 3 phosphate groups

when a phosphate is cleaved (ADP +Pi), the energy stored in the bond is released

Question 3

compare anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Answer 3

required conditions: an- oxygen not required a- oxygen required
energy yield: an- small yield a- high yield
products: an-
animal: lactic acid
plants: ethanol and CO2
a- CO2 and water
location: an- cytosol a- cytosol and mitochondria

Question 4

outline the purpose and products of fermentation

Answer 4

the purpose of fermentation is to restore stocks of NAD+ needed for glycolysis (anaerobic respiration)

this allows ATP to continue to be produced in the absence of oxygen (otherwise respiration would stop)

fermentation in animals reversibly converts pyruvate to lactic acid

fermentation in plants reversible converts pyruvate to ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 5

describe the use of respirometry in measuring respiration rates

Answer 5

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