2.6 structure of DNA and RNA Flashcards
draw the basic structure of a nucleotide, labeling its parts
see paper
differentiate between the different types of nitrogenous based
4 based in DNA are:
guanine
cytosine
adenine
thymine
RNA has Uracil (U) instead of thymine
G-C A-T via hydrogen bonds
compare the structure of DNA and RNA
sugar: d- deoxyribose r-ribose
bases: d-has thymine r-has uracil
strands: d-double strands r-usually single stranded
list 3 types of RNA
messenger RNA (mRNA) - an RNA copy of a DNA gene
transfer RNA (tRNA) - transfers amino acids to ribosomes
ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - the catalytic component of ribosomes
outline with the aid of the diagram how nucleotides are linked together to form DNA strands
DNA nucleotides are linked by covalent phosphodiester bonds to form a long polynucleotide strand
5’—>3’
Two strands join together via complementary base pairing (G pairs with C via 3 hydrogen bonds, A pairs with T via 2 hydrogen bonds)
the two strands run anti parallel to each other in order for the bases to face each other and form hydrogen bonds
the double stranded DNA then twists into a double helix
each twist occurs every 10 nucleotides
list 3 contributions of the following scientists to the elucidation of DNA structure
.
describe how watson and crick proposed the structure of DNA via model making
they demonstrated that DNA strands were anti parallel and formed a double helix
also showed complementary base pairing