28: Approach To Eye Complaint Flashcards
Pertinent history questions to ask with an eye complaint
Age, pregnant, glasses/contacts, injury/trauma, surgeries, eye infections, recent travel
Important associated sx to ask for eye complaint
Pain, drainage, itching, burning, vision changes/blurry vision, flashing lights
What can cause ectropion
Age, prior surgeries, previous infection, genetic disorders
Causes of mechanical ptosis
Inflammation, eyelid tumors, dermoid cysts
What causes aponeurotic ptosis?
Dehiscence of aponeurosis connecting levator muscle to eyelid
Some neurologic causes to ptosis
CN 8 palsy, Horner’s syndrome, botulinum toxin, myasthenia gravis
Myogenic ptosis
Rare muscular disorders involving mitochondria
Chalazion vs hordeolum location
Chalazion: in the lid
Hordeolum: along the lash line
Chalazion
Blocked meibomian gland, generally nontender unless it becomes inflamed
Hordeolum
Bacterial infection of the meibomian gland, tender and painful
Other term for stye
Hordeolum
Blepharitis
Eyelid margin inflammation, causing eye irritation
Causes of blepharitis
Bacterial (s. aureus), inflammatory skin conditions, allergens or irritants
Symptoms of blepharitis
Red/swollen/itchy eyes, gritty/burning sensation, excess tearing, poss blurred vision
Treatment for blepharitis
Warm compress and eyelid washing, artificial tears, topical Abx
Clogged tear duct
Transient, very common in infants
Dacrostenosis
Stenosis of nasolacrimal duct, causing a persistent clogged tear duct
Treatment of dacrostenosis
Milking the duct, sometimes requires opening the duct with a probe
Dacrocystitis
Infection of the lacrimal duct, most common in newborns and older folks
Allergic conjunctivitis
Mild, bilateral, gritty pruritic irritated eyes with clear discharge
Viral conjunctivitis
Mild/moderate bilateral sx, gritty, burning, irritated eyes with clear discharge, eyes matted shut in the morning
Bacterial conjunctivitis
Usually unilateral, copious amounts of purulent drainage throughout entire day
Common conjunctivitis cause for pts with contacts
Pseudomonas
Arcus senilis age profile
Common in 60+ y/o’s, if under 40, check for cholesterol
