27.3+27.4 vocab

Question 1

infiltration

Answer 1

the process by which water enters earth and becomes groundwater

Question 2

water table

Answer 2

the upper boundary of the saturated zone

Question 3

aquifer

Answer 3

a rock unit that can transfer water through porespace

Question 4

porosity

Answer 4

the percentage of total volume in the pore space

Question 5

absolute dating

Answer 5

process of assigning a exact numerical age to an organism

Question 6

relative dating

Answer 6

process of placing objects or events in there ordered timeline

Question 7

uniformitariansim

Answer 7

states that the laws of nature work the same today as they did in the past

Question 8

principal of superposition

Answer 8

states that in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rock layers the youngest rock will be at the top

Question 9

unconformities

Answer 9

gaps in the rock record during which either erosion occurred or deposition was absent

Question 10

fossil

Answer 10

remains of organisms found in the geologic rock

Question 11

what percentage of water on earth is saltwater

Answer 11

97 percent

Question 12

what percent of water on earth is fresh water

Answer 12

3 percent

Question 13

where is the majority of fresh water found

Answer 13

In Glaciers

Question 14

where is the smaller percentage of freshwater found

Answer 14

in lakes and rivers or groundwater

Question 15

what is precipitation

Answer 15

when water vapor cools and condenses

Question 16

what is runoff

Answer 16

water running off the land surface

Question 17

what is infiltration

Answer 17

the process by which water enters earth and becomes groundwater

Question 18

what is transpirtation

Answer 18

where plants release water vapor into the air through their leaves

Question 19

what is evaporation

Answer 19

when water enters the atmosphere as water vapor

Question 20

what is condensation

Answer 20

when water vapor collides with other vapor to form water droplets

Question 21

what is the water cycle

Answer 21

where water on land evaporates and returns back to the land

Question 22

what is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage

Answer 22

a porous are where the water easily passes through

Question 23

what is a saturated zone for groundwater storage

Answer 23

beneath the unsaturated zone where water completley fills the pore space

Question 24

what is a water table

Answer 24

upper boundary of the saturated zone

Question 25

what does it mean if sediment is permeable

Answer 25

the water can easily pass through

Question 26

what is an aquifer

Answer 26

a rock unit that can transport water through its pore space

Question 27

what is the name of the great plains aquifer

Answer 27

the ogallala aquifer

Question 28

how many states does the great plains aquifer run through

Answer 28

8 states

Question 29

what are the names of the states the great plains aquifer runs through

Answer 29

south Dakota,Wyoming,Nebraska,Colorado,Kansas,Oklahoma,new mexico, and Texas

Question 30

what is an aquitard

Answer 30

keep water confined

Question 31

how are water springs formed

Answer 31

where water naturally meets earths surface

Question 32

what is an artesian well

Answer 32

wells drilled into a pressurized aquifer

Question 33

what is a cone of depression

Answer 33

direction water flows towards the weld