27 war and revolution KEY TERMS Flashcards
three emperors league
A.Hungary, Germany and Russia created in 1873
Triple Entente
Great Britain, France, Russia were checking Germany’s vague but real aspirations 1914
” the sick man of Europe “
ottoman empire
Pan Slavism
encouraged the serbs, bosnians, and slovenes, and croats to seek a single political entity in southern europe
First Balkan War 1912
Austria created Albania and landlocked Serbia from getting port access to the Adriatic Sea. It was Serbia, Greece, and Bulgaria versus Turks in the Balkans
Second Balkan War 1913
Serbia and Greece formed an alliance against Bulgaria and the war began in 1913 when Bulgaria ordered his troops to attack Serbian and Greece in Macedonia
Petrograd soviet
Workers and soldiers in a mass meeting of 2-3thousand and watched the provisional government and issued its own radical orders
Army Order No. 1
Issued to all Russian military forces, it stripped officers of their authority and placed power to common soldiers; led to a collapse in discipline
Vladimir Lenin 1870-1924
socialist leader stressed capitalism can only be destroyed by violent revolution
bolsheviks
majority group
mensheviks
minority group
constituent assembly met for one day in January 18, 1918
Bolsheviks promised this to draw up a new constitution from free elections; fed the flames for civil war
war communism
application of the total war concept to a civil conflict; they seized grain from peasants, introduced rationing, nationalized all banks and industry, required everyone to work
Cheka
Tsarist secret police which sowed fear and silenced opposition
League of Nations
woodrow wilson created it as an idealistic and democratic international cooperation to resolve territorial disputes (France, Britain, USA)