17 absolutism in central/ eastern europe KEY TERMS

Question 1

1555

Answer 1

peace of augsburg

Question 2

edict of nantes

Answer 2

established freedom for Huguenots to practice their religion in public though France was primarily Catholic

Question 3

Table of Ranks

Answer 3

determines your social status and how much you are payed according to how many years you worked; created by Peter the Great to control nobility power

Question 4

Jacques Bossuet

Answer 4

his philosophy of absolutism was to rule for God, not for the people. Divine Right of Kings was popular belief in 17th century

Question 5

Peace of WEstphalia

Answer 5

ended the 30 years war, protestantism was embraced and tolerated, European countries stopped trying to spread Catholicism in Europe

Question 6

Cardinal Richelieu

Answer 6

French monarch that starts to gain power back from nobility and laid the foundation for absolutism

Question 7

Hohenzollerns

Answer 7

Germany royal family who ruled Brandenburg and later controlled Prussia; under Frederick 1, the family united Kingdom of Prussia

Question 8

intendant system

Answer 8

French royal officials supervised the bureaucracy. They played key role in establishing French absolutism

Question 9

Junkers

Answer 9

German nobility, popular in Prussia because they were conservative and supported monarch/military tradition

Question 10

Pragmatic sanction act 1713

Answer 10

from Charles VI stating Hapsburg possessions to not be divided so his daughter could rule

Question 11

Gustavus Adolphus

Answer 11

king of Sweden, laid the foundations of modern Swedish state and made it a European power; involved in 30 years war and got major victories for protestants

Question 12

old believers

Answer 12

group of Russian religious dissenters that refused to adopt the mid 17th century Church reform

Question 13

Charles I of England

Answer 13

King of Great Britain and Ireland who’s actions led to a civil war and tried for treason/beheaded in 1649, power struggles from him resulted in English Civil Ear

Question 14

William and Mary of ORange

Answer 14

William of Orange fought mostly Louis and eventually became King of England and the Dutch republic simultaneously

Question 15

“The Soldiers King”

Answer 15

Frederick William I who was most talented reformer produced by Hohenzollern family; under his rule Prussia had best army in Europe for its size and became a model military state

Question 16

Battle of Mohács 1526

Answer 16

ottoman victory which enabled the Turks to add Hungary to their expanding empire

Question 17

elector of Brandenburg

Answer 17

area around Berlin; the elector had the right to help choose the HR emperor, which bestowed prestige, but had no military strength

Question 18

Mongol Yoke

Answer 18

period which the mongols ruled the eastern Slavs for more than 200 years

Question 19

boyars

Answer 19

highest ranking nobles in Russia

Question 20

Cossacks

Answer 20

Ivan’s army

Question 21

Peter the Great

Answer 21

ruler of Russia, believed westernizing the country= successful (1672-1725)

Question 22

SOS of Peter the Great

Answer 22

created strong navy, Table of Ranks, westernized Russia by changing boyar’s appearance, built St Petersburg

Question 23

Charles VI

Answer 23

1711-1740 created pragmatic sanction, was king of France under House of Habsburg and spent most of his reign trying to get Prag Sanction accepted

Question 24

Vasco de Gama

Answer 24

famous explorer who commanded the first European ship and made to southern tip of Africa to reach India with the help of an Indian guide

Question 25

Philip II

Answer 25

son of Isabella and Charles V from HR Empire. King of Spain and Austria; his reign began the Golden age and married Mary Tudor of England

Question 26

Golden age

Answer 26

a period of great cultural growth in the arts, literature, and music

Question 27

Colbert

Answer 27

goal was economic self sufficiency for France by encouraging foreign craftsmen to immigrate to France, enacted high tariffs, created industries in textiles

Question 28

Henry IV

Answer 28

laid foundations for growth of French power, turned from calvinist to catholicism and 1598 issued Edict of Nantes; founder of bourbon dynasty and lowered taxes on peasants

Question 29

individual in society: Hürrem

Answer 29

fg

Question 30

millet system

Answer 30

created powerful bond between the Ottoman ruling class and different religious leaders