17 absolutism in central/ eastern europe KEY TERMS Flashcards

1
Q

1555

A

peace of augsburg

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2
Q

edict of nantes

A

established freedom for Huguenots to practice their religion in public though France was primarily Catholic

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3
Q

Table of Ranks

A

determines your social status and how much you are payed according to how many years you worked; created by Peter the Great to control nobility power

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4
Q

Jacques Bossuet

A

his philosophy of absolutism was to rule for God, not for the people. Divine Right of Kings was popular belief in 17th century

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5
Q

Peace of WEstphalia

A

ended the 30 years war, protestantism was embraced and tolerated, European countries stopped trying to spread Catholicism in Europe

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6
Q

Cardinal Richelieu

A

French monarch that starts to gain power back from nobility and laid the foundation for absolutism

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7
Q

Hohenzollerns

A

Germany royal family who ruled Brandenburg and later controlled Prussia; under Frederick 1, the family united Kingdom of Prussia

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8
Q

intendant system

A

French royal officials supervised the bureaucracy. They played key role in establishing French absolutism

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9
Q

Junkers

A

German nobility, popular in Prussia because they were conservative and supported monarch/military tradition

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10
Q

Pragmatic sanction act 1713

A

from Charles VI stating Hapsburg possessions to not be divided so his daughter could rule

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11
Q

Gustavus Adolphus

A

king of Sweden, laid the foundations of modern Swedish state and made it a European power; involved in 30 years war and got major victories for protestants

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12
Q

old believers

A

group of Russian religious dissenters that refused to adopt the mid 17th century Church reform

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13
Q

Charles I of England

A

King of Great Britain and Ireland who’s actions led to a civil war and tried for treason/beheaded in 1649, power struggles from him resulted in English Civil Ear

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14
Q

William and Mary of ORange

A

William of Orange fought mostly Louis and eventually became King of England and the Dutch republic simultaneously

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15
Q

“The Soldiers King”

A

Frederick William I who was most talented reformer produced by Hohenzollern family; under his rule Prussia had best army in Europe for its size and became a model military state

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16
Q

Battle of Mohács 1526

A

ottoman victory which enabled the Turks to add Hungary to their expanding empire

17
Q

elector of Brandenburg

A

area around Berlin; the elector had the right to help choose the HR emperor, which bestowed prestige, but had no military strength

18
Q

Mongol Yoke

A

period which the mongols ruled the eastern Slavs for more than 200 years

19
Q

boyars

A

highest ranking nobles in Russia

20
Q

Cossacks

A

Ivan’s army

21
Q

Peter the Great

A

ruler of Russia, believed westernizing the country= successful (1672-1725)

22
Q

SOS of Peter the Great

A

created strong navy, Table of Ranks, westernized Russia by changing boyar’s appearance, built St Petersburg

23
Q

Charles VI

A

1711-1740 created pragmatic sanction, was king of France under House of Habsburg and spent most of his reign trying to get Prag Sanction accepted

24
Q

Vasco de Gama

A

famous explorer who commanded the first European ship and made to southern tip of Africa to reach India with the help of an Indian guide

25
Philip II
son of Isabella and Charles V from HR Empire. King of Spain and Austria; his reign began the Golden age and married Mary Tudor of England
26
Golden age
a period of great cultural growth in the arts, literature, and music
27
Colbert
goal was economic self sufficiency for France by encouraging foreign craftsmen to immigrate to France, enacted high tariffs, created industries in textiles
28
Henry IV
laid foundations for growth of French power, turned from calvinist to catholicism and 1598 issued Edict of Nantes; founder of bourbon dynasty and lowered taxes on peasants
29
individual in society: Hürrem
fg
30
millet system
created powerful bond between the Ottoman ruling class and different religious leaders