2.7 Histology of the blood Flashcards
What are the constituents of blood?
Plasma- 56%
Leucocytes - 1%
Erythrocytes - 43%
What is plasma and what does it comprise?
Blood minus the cells
Comprises:
Water
Salts and minerals
Plasma proteins
Hormones
Signal molecules
Other clotting factors
What is serum?
Plasma minus clotting factors.
Describe erythrocytes…
4-6 million per mL blood
lifespan of 4 months
Produced in the liver (fetus) and bone marrow
Enucleate, biconcave discs
6.5- 8.5micrometers in diameter
Where are erythrocytes destroyed?
Destroyed in the liver and spleen
What is the major protein found within cell membrane of erythrocytes?
Spectrin
What is this image showing?
Erythrocytes in blood smear.
What is the difference between granulocytes and granulocytes?
They are both leucocytes (WBC)
Granulocytes - contain visible granules
40-75% neutrophils
5% eosinophils
0.5% basophils
Agranulocytes - contain no visible granules
20-50% lymphocytes
1-5% monocytes
What is this image showing?
Granulocytes
What is this image showing?
Agranulocytes
What are neutrophils also known as?
Polymorphonuclear leucocytes
What does this image show?
neutrophil
What is the function of neutrophils?
They circulate the blood and invade tissue spaces.
They contain myeloperoxidase
Describe neutrophils
The most common white blood cell and granulocyte
Multi - lobed nucleus
Has granular cytoplasm
12-14micrometers in diameter
Phagocytic
What are the 3 types of cytoplasmic granule contained in neutrophils?
Primary granules - lysosomes (myeloperoxidase, acid hydrolyses)
Secondary granules - specific granules that secrete substances mobilising inflammatory mediators
Tertiary granules - Geleatinases and adhesion molecules
