2.7 Genes and behavior: a case of nature and nurture

Question 1

genotype

Answer 1

An organism’s genetic code.

Question 2

genes

Answer 2

Basic units of heredity that contain the individuals genetic code.

Question 3

deoxyribonucleic acid DNA

Answer 3

The basic chemical material in chromosomes that carry the individual’s genetic code.

Question 4

chromosomes

Answer 4

Rodlike structures in the cells nucleus that house the individual’s genes.

Question 5

phenotype

Answer 5

The observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, representing the influences of the genotype and environment.

Question 6

polygentic traits

Answer 6

Traits that are influenced by multiple genes interacting in complex ways.

Question 7

Familial association studies

Answer 7

Studies that examine the degree to which disorders or characteristics are shared among family members.

Question 8

Identical twins

Answer 8

twins who developed from the same zygote and therefore have identical genes. aka monozygote or MZ.

Question 9

Zygote

Answer 9

A fertilized egg cell

Question 10

Fraternal twins

Answer 10

Twins who developed from seperate zygotes and so have 50 percent of their genes in common, aka dizygote or DZ.

Question 11

Concordance rates

Answer 11

In twin studies, the percentage of cases in which both members of the twin pairs share the same trait or disorder.

Question 12

adoptee studies

Answer 12

studies that have examine whether adoptees are more similar to their biological or adoptive parents with respects to their psychological traits they develop.

Question 13

Neuromarketing

Answer 13

An emerging field of marketing that explores brain responses to advertisements and brand related messages.