2.7 Compare and contrast Internet connection types, network types, and their features.

Question 1

Satellite

Answer 1

Communication to a satellite– Non-terrestrial communication. High-cost relative to terrestrial networking– 50 Mbit/s down, 3 Mbit/s up are common– Remote sites, difficult-to-network, High latency– 250 ms up, 250 ms down– Starlink advertises 40 ms and is working on 20 ms. High frequencies - 2 GHz– Line of sight, rain fade.

Question 2

Fiber

Answer 2

High speed data communication (frequencies of light).Higher installation cost than copper– Equipment is more costly– More difficult to repair– Communicate over long distances. Large installation in the WAN core– Supports very high data rates– SONET, wavelength division multiplexing. Business and home use.

Question 3

Cable broadband

Answer 3

Transmission across multiple frequencies– Different traffic types. Data on the “cable” network.DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification). High-speed networking,50 Mbits/s through 1,000+ Mbit/s are common. Multiple services, Data, voice, video.

Question 4

DSL

Answer 4

ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line). Download speed is faster than the upload speed (asymmetric)– 200 Mbit/s downstream / 20 Mbit/s upstream are common– ~10,000 foot limitation from the central office (CO)– Faster speeds may be possible if closer to the CO.

Question 5

Cellular networks

Answer 5

Mobile devices (Cell phones). Antenna covers a cell with certain frequencies. Tethering–Turn your phone into a wireless router. Mobile hotspot –Standalone devices –Use your phone for other things.

Question 6

Wireless Internet Service Provider (WISP)

Answer 6

Terrestrial internet access using wireless. Connect rural or remote locations. Many different deployment technologies- Meshed 802.11, 5G home internet, Proprietary wireless. Need an outdoor antenna- Speeds can range from ~ 10 to 1,000 megabits per second.

Question 7

LAN (Local area network).

Answer 7

A building or group of buildings (High-speed connectivity). Ethernet and 802.11 wireless (any slower and its not local).

Question 8

WAN (Wide Area Network)

Answer 8

Spanning the globe. Generally connects LANs across a distance (much slower than LAN). Many different WAN technologies. Point-to-point serial, MPLS, etc. Terrestrial and non-terrestrial

Question 9

Personal area network (PAN)

Answer 9

Your own private network, Bluetooth, IR, NFC. Audio output,Integrate with phone. Mobile phone - Wireless headset. Workout telemetry, daily reports for personal health.

Question 10

Metropolitan area network (MAN)

Answer 10

A network in your city, Larger than a LAN, often smaller than a WAN, Historically MAN-specific topologies. Metro Ethernet. Common to see government ownership.

Question 11

Storage area network (SAN)

Answer 11

Looks and feels like a local storage device. Block-level access. Very efficient reading and writing. Requires a lot of bandwidth. May use an isolated network and high-speed
network technologies.

Question 12

Wireless local area network (WLAN)

Answer 12

802.11 technologies. Mobility within a building and in a limited geographical area. Expand coverage with additional access points, Downtown area, Large Campus.