2.4 Summarize services provided by networked hosts

Question 1

Convert names to IP addresses. Usually managed by the ISP or IT department. Distributed naming system. Critical resource.

Answer 1

DNS server

Question 2

Automatic IP address configuration. Available on most home routers. Usually running on central servers

Answer 2

DHCP server ( Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server).

Question 3

Centralized storage of documents,spreadsheets,
videos, pictures, and any other files.

Answer 3

Fileshare

Question 4

Can connect any printer to the network. May be software in a computer. May be built-in to the printer. Uses standard printing protocols.

Answer 4

Print servers

Question 5

Store incoming mail and send out outgoing mail. Usually managed by the ISP or the IT department (Complex requirements). One of the most important services (24X7 service).

Answer 5

Mail Server

Question 6

Standard for message logging (diverse systems). Usually a central logging receiver. Will need a lot of disk space).

Answer 6

Syslog

Question 7

Respond to browser requests. Using standard web browsing protocols - HTTP/HTTP. Web pages are stored on the server.

Answer 7

Web server

Question 8

Login authentication to resources
–Centralized management. Almost always an enterprise service –Not required on a home network. Usually a set of redundant servers –Always available –Extremely important service.

Answer 8

Authentication server

Question 9

Unsolicited email–Stop it at the gateway before it reaches the user–On-site or cloud-based.

Answer 9

Spam gateways

Question 10

All-in-one security appliance

Answer 10

Unified Threat
Management (UTM)

Question 11

Distribute the load–Multiple servers
–Invisible to the end-user. Large-scale implementations for web server and database farms. –Server outages have no effect - Very fast convergence.

Answer 11

Load balancers

Question 12

Configurable load - Manage across servers
* TCP offload - Protocol overhead
* SSL offload - Encryption/Decryption
* Caching - Fast response
* Prioritization - QoS
* Content switching - Application-centric balancing.

Answer 12

Load balancer features.

Question 13

Client makes request to the server and the server performs request and provides results. Uses useful features like access control, caching, URL filtering, content scanning.

Answer 13

Proxy server

Question 14

Another expression for “really old”. May also be “really important”.

Answer 14

Legacy systems

Question 15

Purpose-built device. Not usual to have direct access to the operating system.Alarm system, door security, time card system.

Answer 15

Embedded systems

Question 16

C manages equipment– Power generation, refining, manufacturing equipment– Facilities, industrial, energy, logistics. Distributed control systems– Real-time information– System control– Requires extensive segmentation– No access from the outside.

Answer 16

Supervisory control and data acquisition system.

Question 17

Appliances (Refrigerators), Smart devices (Smart speakers respond to voice commmands). Air control (Thermostats & temperature control). Access (Smart Doorbells). May require segemented network to limit security breach.

Answer 17

Internet of Things (IoT) devices