266 (ageing) Flashcards

1
Q

UN definition of an older person

A

60+

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2
Q

subcategories of older persons

A

young-old: 65-74
middle-old: 75-84
old-old: 85 and over
oldest-old: over 100

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3
Q

definition of an older ATSI Australian?

A

over 50

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4
Q

changes in body functions and processes: cardiovascular

A

heart pumps less effectively

left ventricle enlarges

valves stiffen and thicken

fatty deposits and fibrous tissue are deposited

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5
Q

changes in body functions and processes: digestive?

A

delayed swallowing

decreased gastric pH = less absorption

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6
Q

changes in body functions and processes: endocrine?

A

increased insulin resistance

lower thyroid function

increased risk of type II diabetes

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7
Q

changes in body functions and processes: immune?

A

t cells become less responsive

b cells produce fewer antibodies

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8
Q

changes in body functions and processes: integumentary?

A

fat layer decreases, leading to wrinkles, thinning of skin, loss of elasticity, drier skin

clustering of melanocytes leads to pigmentation spots

hair blubs lose pigment (greying)

increased calcium deposits = nails thicken and become ridged

fewer sweat glands, less perspiration

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9
Q

changes in body functions and processes: musculoskeletal

A

bones become less dense, depleted of calcium and minerals

thinning and curvature of spine = loss of height

stiffening, loss of joint cartilage = loss of flexibility

diminished muscle mass, tone, contractility = muscle weakness, slower movements

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10
Q

changes in body functions and processes: nervous system?

A

shrinkage of nerve cells = slower transmission of messages

breakdown of nerve cells in brain leads to plaques and tangles

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11
Q

changes in body functions and processes: respiratory?

A

weakening of ribs and diaphragm = diminished ability to expand the chest, decreased breathing capacity

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12
Q

changes in body functions and processes: sensory?

A

degenerative diseases = loss of visual acuity

difficulty seeing closer objects

pupil sphincter becomes rigid, pupil becomes less small

thickening of eardrum + structural and nerve changes = diminished hearing

tongue atrophy = loss of taste

atrophy of olfactory bulb = loss of smell

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13
Q

changes in body functions and processes: reproductive?

A

shrinking and atrophy of female reproductive organs

diminished secretion of female hormones and secretions

penile erection problems due to diminished blood flow

enlargement of prostate gland = increased frequency of urination

diminshed blood flow = changes to renal function inc. less urinary output, less excretion of wastes

diminished bladder tone and capacity

weakness of bladder muscles = increased urinary frequency and urgency, incontinence

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14
Q

RLT factors influencing ALS

A

biological

physchological

sociocultural

environmental

politicoeconomic

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15
Q

RLT activities of living

A

maintaining a safe environment

communicating

breathing

eating and drinking

eliminating

personal cleansing and dressing

controlling body temperature

mobilising

working and playing

expressing sexuality

sleeping

dying

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16
Q

what is the RLT model?

A

a conceptual framework for practice

a way of thinking about nursing, based on a model of living

17
Q

what are the four different aspects of RLT under ‘individualising nursing’?

A

assessing
planning
implementing
evaluating

18
Q

psychosocial theories of aging - disengagement theory?

A

successful ageing = process of withdrawal from social roles and responsibilites, increasing reflection and contemplation

society reciprocally withdraws these roles from older people to let younger peeps fulfill them

19
Q

psychosocial theories of aging - activity theory

A

successful ageing = being actively involved in social roles and activities that provide meaning and purpose

20
Q

psychosocial theories of aging - continuity theory?

A

successful ageing = basic personality and attitudes, familiar relationships, behaviours and lifestyle are maintained over the course of a life

21
Q

psychosocial theories of aging - erikson’s psychosocial theory of development

A

personality results from encounters between personal drives and societal demands

8th stage is Integrity vs Despair, successful resolution leads to ego integrity and the virtue of wisdom

22
Q

psychosocial theories of aging - gerotranscendence?

A

successful ageing = development of new, positive perspective

turning away from materialism towards cosmic, transcendent perspective = contentment and wisdom

23
Q

psychosocial theories of aging - selective optimisation with compensation theory?

A

successful ageing requires focused goal selection and attainment in light of losses and gains that occur

optimising things perceived as life enhancing, compensating for any areas of loss/limitation

24
Q

psychosocial theories of aging - socioemotional selectivity theory?

A

perception of diminished time available motivates individuals to adapt to enhance their wellbeing ie.

becoming selective of social networks and opting for high quality fulfilling relationships

25
Q

changes in body functions and processes: urinary?

A

enlargement of prostate gland = increased frequency of urination

diminshed blood flow = changes to renal function inc. less urinary output, less excretion of wastes

diminished bladder tone and capacity

weakness of bladder muscles = increased urinary frequency and urgency, incontinence