Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MIM 2 > 26. Herpes Virus Infections > Flashcards

26. Herpes Virus Infections Flashcards

1
Q

latent infection

A

in neurons, with later reactivation of a presumably intact virus genome, resulting in a productive infection in mucocutaneous or ocular sites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Varicella Zoster initial viral replication is in __

A

the respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

α-herpesviruses

A

HSV 1, 2 and Varicella Zoster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

recurrent infections are usually __ painful

A

less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

β-herpesviruses

A

CMV, HHV 6,7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the attack rate for HSV-2 is __

A

75%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

chickenpox is spread by:

A

respiratory and direct contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how do you identify congenital CMV infection?

A

isolating virus from the neonate’s urine during the first week of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CMV generally causes __ infection

A

subclinical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

why is shingles life-threatening?

A

more severe disease with potential pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Infectious mononucleosis is characterized by ___ in a peripheral smear. They appear as __

A

atypical lymphocytes, large cells with lobulated nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CMV establishes latency in:

A

B and T cells, and Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

heterophile (monospot) negative mononucleosis is caused by:

A

CMV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

chickenpox lesions are __

A

polymorphic (papules, vesicles, and crust all seen at once)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

most primary HSV-1 infections are __. However, they can cause __

A

asymptomatic, gingivostomatitis or vulvovaginitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Varicella Zoster secondary infection:

A

zoster/shingles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Herpes genetic structure:

A

double stranded DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cytomegalic inclusion disease:

A
  • hepatosplenomegaly -thrombocytopenia -microcephaly -severe mental retardation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

CMV is acquired from:

A

blood, tissue, and most bodily secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

CMV is the most prevalent cause of __

A

birth defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

a reason for high rates of transmission of HSV1 and 2 is that there is the potential for __

A

asymptomatic shedding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

where does HSV-1 remain latent?

A

the trigeminal nerve ganglion

23
Q

persistent infection

A

in lymphocytes and macrophages

24
Q

Varicella Zoster primary infection:

A

chickenpox

25
Q

lytic infection:

A

causes cell death and results in a sub/clinically apparent infection

26
Q

treatments for HSV 1 and 2

A

Acyclovir Famciclovir Valacyclovir

27
Q

the attack rate for chickenpox is __

A

90%

28
Q

other histology associated with CMV:

A

“Owl’s eye” inclusion body

29
Q

prodrome

A

the period leading up to the recurrence of an infection (could be pain or tingling)

30
Q

ophthalmic zoster

A

virus resided within V1 and can cause corneal damage and vision loss

31
Q

how does Herpes mature?

A

budding through the inner lamella of the nuclear membrane

32
Q

antiviral treatments for VZV

A

acyclovir famcyclovir valacyclovir

33
Q

CMV serious congenital infection occurs when the fetus is infected in the __ trimester. This only occurs during the __ infection

A

first, primary

34
Q

__ immunity controls and limits the spread of VZV

A

cellular mediated

35
Q

zoster and HSV are spread by:

A

direct contact

36
Q

herpes viruses are ubiquitous except:

A

HHV8

37
Q

heterophile (monospot) positive mononucleosis is caused by:

A

EBV

38
Q

Herpes virus assembles in the __

A

nucleus

39
Q

how are Acyclovir, Famciclovir, and Valacyclovir metabolized?

A

viral thymidine kinase – phosphorylates them to the monophosphate form, and cellular DNA polymerase adds di and tri phosphate forms

40
Q

neonates have a __% mortality rate following infection with VZV

A

35%

41
Q

γ-herpesviruses

A

EBV, HHV-8

42
Q

Zostavax

A

shingles vaccine, a weakened form of the chickenpox vaccine

43
Q

smallpox lesions are __

A

monomorphic

44
Q

herpetic whitlow

A

herpes blisters on the fingers

45
Q

transformation

A

infected cells survive and exhibit the ability to multiply and immortalize B lymphocytes -EBV and HHV-8 are associated with human cancers

46
Q

the chickenpox vaccine is __, and is __% effective

A

live attenuated, 85%

47
Q

how do we treat CMV?

A

ganciclovir and foscarnet (reduces viral shedding)

48
Q

CMV in neonates:

A

cause no disease in healthy full-term babies, asymptomatic in most cases

49
Q

__ smear for HSV demonstrates ___ and __

A

Tzanck, multi-nucleated giant cells and Cowdry type A inclusions bodies

50
Q

which herpes viruses are latent?

A

Herpes I, II and varicella zoster

51
Q

Abreva

A

10% docosanol- changes the membrane around healthy cells -used for oral herpes

52
Q

how do HSVs avoid antibody?

A

cell to cell spread (syncytia)

53
Q

3 antivirals for HSV 1 and 2 infections:

A
  1. Acyclovir
  2. Famcyclovir – converted to pencyclovir. Improved bioavailability
  3. Valacyclovir – aka Valtrex, L-valine ester of acyclovir. Improved bioavailability

MIM 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions