26. Cities

Question 1

the amount of money needed to cover basic expenses such as housing, food, taxes, and healthcare in a certain place and time period…

Answer 1

cost of living

kɒst ɒv ˈlɪvɪŋ

Question 2

Also called Downtowns, Central Business Districts, and Urban Villages… contain a concentration of business, civic and cultural activities, creating conditions that facilitate interaction and exchange…

Answer 2

commercial centre

kəˈmɜːʃəl ˈsɛntə

Question 3

Is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or an exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement…

Answer 3

major tourist attraction

ˈmeɪʤə ˈtʊərɪst əˈtrækʃ(ə)n

Question 4

a very large city, often the most important city in a large area, covered with buildings across, often ones that have been added gradually over a period of time

Answer 4

sprawling metropolis

ˈsprɔːlɪŋ mɪˈtrɒpəlɪs

Question 5

a traffic jam in which a grid of intersecting streets is so completely congested that no vehicular movement is possible, in a particular time

Answer 5

gridlocked rush-hour traffic

gridlocked rʌʃ-ˈaʊə ˈtræfɪk

Question 6

Space that is made available for public use for the purposes of outdoor recreation and leisure, cultural arts, and the protection of environmental, cultural, and historic resources, and which is intended to enhance the health and well-being of the community.

Answer 6

accessible open spaces

əkˈsɛsəbl ˈəʊpən ˈspeɪsɪz

Question 7

in neglected condition; fallen into disrepair

Answer 7

run-down state

rʌn-daʊn steɪt

Question 8

You know you’re driving through an affluent neighborhood when you see large houses, perfect landscaping, and expensive cars.

Answer 8

affluent suburbs

ˈæflʊənt ˈsʌbɜːbz

Question 9

to have a lot of a particular quality or thing, in this case: History. Synonyms: saturated, pervaded, permeated.

Answer 9

steeped in history

stiːpt ɪn ˈhɪstəri

Question 10

To pollute a lot …water, air, or land means to make it dirty and dangerous to live in or to use…

Answer 10

seriously polluted

ˈsɪərɪəsli pəˈluːtɪd

Question 11

any location with either one or more multifamily housing units or eight or more single-family dwellings located within a quarter section.

Answer 11

densely populated

ˈdɛnsli ˈpɒpjʊleɪtɪd

Question 12

active city - full of activity or engaged, it is full of busy activity

Answer 12

bustling city

ˈbʌslɪŋ ˈsɪti

Question 13

occurs when traffic on the road is delayed due to the presence of other vehicles

Answer 13

traffic congestion

ˈtræfɪk kənˈʤɛsʧən

Question 14

gases ejected from an engine as waste products

Answer 14

exhaust fumes

ɪgˈzɔːst fjuːmz

Question 15

also known as auto-free zones and car-free zones, are areas of a city or town reserved for pedestrian-only use and in which most or all automobile traffic is prohibited.

Answer 15

traffic-free pedestrian area ˈ

træfɪk-friː pɪˈdɛstrɪən ˈeərɪə

Question 16

the number of crimes that are committed during a period of time in a particular place

Answer 16

crime rates

kraɪm reɪts

Question 17

the outlying district or region, as of a city, metropolitan area

Answer 17

outskirts of the city

ˈaʊtskɜːts ɒv ðə ˈsɪti

Question 18

people who live in the neighborhood and people who travel to work

Answer 18

residents and commuters

ˈrɛzɪdənts ænd kəˈmjuːtəz

Question 19

1. a person who is concerned with or advocates the protection of the environment
2. a substance that pollutes something, especially water or the atmosphere

Answer 19

environmentalist and pollutant

ɪnˌvaɪərənˈmɛntəlɪst ænd pəˈluːtənt

Question 20

refers to the variety of economic activities that reflect differences in economic structure

Answer 20

diverse industry

daɪˈvɜːs ˈɪndəstri

Question 21

the exceeding of certain threshold limits of population density when environmental resources fail to meet the requirements of individual organisms regarding shelter, nutrition and so forth. It gives rise to high rates of mortality and morbidity.

Answer 21

overpopulation

ˌəʊvəˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃən

Question 22

is a usually paved walk for pedestrians at the side of a street

Answer 22

sidewalk

ˈsaɪdwɔːk

Question 23

building or room which was created to serve a specific purpose or is the ease of doing something, for example: Commercial and Institutional Sector, Office Buildings, Hospitals, Hotels, Restaurants, Educational Facilities, Industrial.

Answer 23

local facilities

ˈləʊkəl fəˈsɪlɪtiz