26. Cities Flashcards
the amount of money needed to cover basic expenses such as housing, food, taxes, and healthcare in a certain place and time period…
cost of living
kɒst ɒv ˈlɪvɪŋ
Also called Downtowns, Central Business Districts, and Urban Villages… contain a concentration of business, civic and cultural activities, creating conditions that facilitate interaction and exchange…
commercial centre
kəˈmɜːʃəl ˈsɛntə
Is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or an exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement…
major tourist attraction
ˈmeɪʤə ˈtʊərɪst əˈtrækʃ(ə)n
a very large city, often the most important city in a large area, covered with buildings across, often ones that have been added gradually over a period of time
sprawling metropolis
ˈsprɔːlɪŋ mɪˈtrɒpəlɪs
a traffic jam in which a grid of intersecting streets is so completely congested that no vehicular movement is possible, in a particular time
gridlocked rush-hour traffic
gridlocked rʌʃ-ˈaʊə ˈtræfɪk
Space that is made available for public use for the purposes of outdoor recreation and leisure, cultural arts, and the protection of environmental, cultural, and historic resources, and which is intended to enhance the health and well-being of the community.
accessible open spaces
əkˈsɛsəbl ˈəʊpən ˈspeɪsɪz
in neglected condition; fallen into disrepair
run-down state
rʌn-daʊn steɪt
You know you’re driving through an affluent neighborhood when you see large houses, perfect landscaping, and expensive cars.
affluent suburbs
ˈæflʊənt ˈsʌbɜːbz
to have a lot of a particular quality or thing, in this case: History. Synonyms: saturated, pervaded, permeated.
steeped in history
stiːpt ɪn ˈhɪstəri
To pollute a lot …water, air, or land means to make it dirty and dangerous to live in or to use…
seriously polluted
ˈsɪərɪəsli pəˈluːtɪd
any location with either one or more multifamily housing units or eight or more single-family dwellings located within a quarter section.
densely populated
ˈdɛnsli ˈpɒpjʊleɪtɪd
active city - full of activity or engaged, it is full of busy activity
bustling city
ˈbʌslɪŋ ˈsɪti
occurs when traffic on the road is delayed due to the presence of other vehicles
traffic congestion
ˈtræfɪk kənˈʤɛsʧən
gases ejected from an engine as waste products
exhaust fumes
ɪgˈzɔːst fjuːmz
also known as auto-free zones and car-free zones, are areas of a city or town reserved for pedestrian-only use and in which most or all automobile traffic is prohibited.
traffic-free pedestrian area ˈ
træfɪk-friː pɪˈdɛstrɪən ˈeərɪə
the number of crimes that are committed during a period of time in a particular place
crime rates
kraɪm reɪts
the outlying district or region, as of a city, metropolitan area
outskirts of the city
ˈaʊtskɜːts ɒv ðə ˈsɪti
people who live in the neighborhood and people who travel to work
residents and commuters
ˈrɛzɪdənts ænd kəˈmjuːtəz
- a person who is concerned with or advocates the protection of the environment
- a substance that pollutes something, especially water or the atmosphere
environmentalist and pollutant
ɪnˌvaɪərənˈmɛntəlɪst ænd pəˈluːtənt
refers to the variety of economic activities that reflect differences in economic structure
diverse industry
daɪˈvɜːs ˈɪndəstri
the exceeding of certain threshold limits of population density when environmental resources fail to meet the requirements of individual organisms regarding shelter, nutrition and so forth. It gives rise to high rates of mortality and morbidity.
overpopulation
ˌəʊvəˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃən
is a usually paved walk for pedestrians at the side of a street
sidewalk
ˈsaɪdwɔːk
building or room which was created to serve a specific purpose or is the ease of doing something, for example: Commercial and Institutional Sector, Office Buildings, Hospitals, Hotels, Restaurants, Educational Facilities, Industrial.
local facilities
ˈləʊkəl fəˈsɪlɪtiz
