25.13 Hybridization

Question 1

how are hybrid orbitals formed?

Answer 1

combine atomic orbitals together (add their wave functions)

Question 2

σ bond

Answer 2

bond formed between two electrons in overlapping hybridized orbitals (one from each atom)
=> if H is in the bond, then it is with the s orbital of H instead of another hybridized orbital

Question 3

π bond

Answer 3

bond formed between two electrons localized in regions in the plane perpendicular to a σ bond between two adjacent atoms

Question 4

what orbitals can form π bonds

Answer 4

p orbitals ONLY

Question 5

how many π bonds can an sp3 hybridized atom participate in?

Answer 5

NONE (no p orbitals)

Question 6

how many π bonds can an sp2 hybridized atom participate in?

Answer 6

1 (form double bond)

Question 7

how many π bonds can an sp hybridized atom participate in?

Answer 7

2 (form triple bond)

Question 8

how do you count # of σ bonds

Answer 8

just count number of single bonds (DO NOT FORGET THE C-H bonds that aren’t drawn)

Question 9

how do you count # of π bonds

Answer 9

count number of extra bonds (triple bond counts as 2)