2.5 Transition Metals Flashcards
What do transition metal characteristics of elements Sc -> Cu arise from?
Transition metal characteristics of elements Sc -> Cu arise from an incomplete d sub-level in atoms or ions.
What are the 4 characteristics of transition metals?
- Complex formation
- Formation of coloured ions
- Variable oxidation states (Cr2+, Cr+)
- Catalytic activity
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Sc and its ion Sc3+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Ti and its ion Ti3+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element V and its ion V3+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Cr and its ion Cr3+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Mn and its ion Mn3+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Fe and its ion Fe3+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Co and its ion Co2+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Ni and its ion Ni2+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Cu and its ion Cu2+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Draw the electronic configuration of the element Zn and its ion Zn2+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Why is Zn not a transition metal?
Zn can only form a +2 ion. In this ion the Zn2+ has a complete d orbital and so does not meet the criteria of having an incomplete d orbital in one of its compounds.
Give the definition of a complex.
A complex is a central metal ion surrounded by ligands.
Give the definition of a ligand.
A ligand is an atom, ion or molecule which can donate a lone electron pair to a metal.
Draw Cu’s complex with water.
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
What is Ni used as a catalyst for?
Ni is a catalyst in margarine production.
What is V2O5 used for?
V2O5 is used for making SO3 for H2SO4
What are Pt and Pd used as?
Catalytic converters
N2O + CO2 -> N2 + CO2
Reactants are toxic in the air because they react together, they’re used in car exhausts to make it less toxic.
What is co-ordinate bonding?
Co-ordinate bonding is when the shared pair of electrons in the covalent bond come from only one of the bonding atoms.
What is the co-ordination number?
The co-ordination number is the number of co-ordinate bonds formed to a central metal atom.
(not ligands because some ligands can form 2 bonds)
What are monodentate ligands?
Ligands can be mono dentate (e.g. H2O, NH3 and Cl-) which can form on co-ordinate bond per ligand.
What are bidentate ligands?
Ligands can be bidentate (e.g. NH2CH2CH2NH2 and ethanedioate ion C2O42-) which have two atoms with lone pairs and can form two co-ordinate bonds per ligand.
What are multidentate ligands?
Ligands can be multidentate (e.g. EDTA4- which can form 6 co-ordinate bonds per ligand)