2.5- Making Human Resources Flashcards
Define an organizational structure.
Show how people and management are organized in a business.
What is the span of control?
Chain of command?
- the number of subordinates a line manager is supervising.
- Chain of command- the route through which messages are passed.
What is a flat structure?(2)
3 Adv and 4Disadv?
- A flat structure is one with very few levels of management.
- Managers often have a wider span of control meaning they look after a large number of employees than managers.
Adv:
- information will reach to superiors more quickly.
- feel more motivated- team organization.
- more creativity as more work is delegated.
Disadv:
- wider span of control
- more likely to be disorganised.
- more mistakes as more work is delegated to less employees.
- limiting as do not offer employees many opportunities for promotion
What is a tall structure?(1)
Adv and Disadv?(3)
A tall structure:
-has lots of layers with the organization structure
Adv:
- structured- logical superiors.
- opportunities for promotion.
- narrow span of control- the taller, the less people a superior may have to manage.
- can spot areas/ development as it is clearly seen who is accountable.
Disadv:
- information gets distorted.
- more time is taken- more departments and superiors to go through.
- decision making and communication is slow
Define a centralized business
5 Adv and 3 Disadv?
Centralized: Head office makes all the decision about how the business is run- local branch managers have little decision-making power.
Adv:
- consistent customer serve.
- organized.
- quicker decision making and communication due to high levels of control.
- the vision of the whole organization is clear.
- accountability of all members of staff in business is clear.
Disadv:
- demotivated workers due to lack of input and due to less delegation of work.
- stops creativity/ new ideas.
- job satisfaction may be lost as staff are not able to feel involved.
Define a decentralised strucutre?
What are the 4 adv and 3 disadv
Decentralized- decisions are made locally or a lower level- managers in local branches are given more decision making power.
Adv:
- more creativity, more contribution of workers so they feel more motivated and have job satisfaction.
- senior managers can focus on the bigger picture of strategic concerns for the business because managers at the local level have been given the power to make decisions locally.
- fewer mistakes and made and the business operate as managers close to where the work is being completed can make changes to improve.
- less expensive to run as fewer layers of management.
Disadv:
- managers and employees to be more highly trained as they will need to make good business decisions and clearly communicate and if they don’t, contradictory decisions can confuse staff and customers, and cost a lot of money.
- inconsistent product range- lose competitive advantage hence there’s a loss of customers.
- inconsistent productivity.
Define communication
What is the impact of:
- insufficient communication?
- excess communication?
Communication- the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver.
- Insufficient communication- not enough communication leads to managers and employees were unaware of what’s happening and this can lead to mistakes and inefficiency which can result in financial difficulties
- Excess communication: managers and employees receive too many different communication and instructions, they are unlikely to do their jobs efficiently as there will be much time needed to read through the info- this could mean their output will be slower or completely reduced.
What are the barriers to effective communication? (3)
Barriers:
1) Written: illegible handwriting, poor grammar ad spelling, poor font or presentation.
2) General: use of jargon, cultural differences, timelines, the structure of communication is not clear.
3) Verbal: language not understood, accent, speaking too fast or too slow
What is the effect of poor communication at the workplace? (7)
- decision making to be delayed.
- hostile environment.
- more chances of mistakes being made= customer unsatisfaction.
- lack of supplies.
- poor job satisfaction.
- lack of motivation.
- brand reputation.
Explain one barrier to effective business communication? (3)
- Cultural differences
- Employees working with a foreign business may not understand the system or the structure.
- May not know what order wouldn’t been shipped which would increase the chances of mistakes being made.
Different ways of working?(6)
- Part time hours.
- Permanent contract.
- Freelance contract.
- Full-time hours.
- Flexible hours.
- Temporary contract
Define:
- permanent contract.
- temporary contract.
- freelance
- Permanent: an employee will be employed by a business for an ongoing basis.
- Temporary: an employee will be hired for a fixed amount of time eg cover an employee on a parental leave.
- Freelance contract: a business has asked a freelancer to wor for them usually on a particular project. The freelancer is not employed by the business but is self-employed and paid by the business for the work they do eg photographer.
Compare the adv and disadv of full time worker
Full time: Adv: -get a fixed income. -set hours- no flexibility. -worker is readily available when needed. -security and a structured stability. -more motivated as commited.
Drawbacks:
-fixed cost and increase yearly salary.
Compare the adv and disadv vs free lance/ temporary?
Free lance:
Adv:
-reduced fixed costs and don’t have to pay fixed wage.
Disadv:
- may not be available when needed which could affect quality and productivity.
- employee feel less loyal to business and therefore feel less motivated.
Discuss the benefits of a business of having employees working in flexible hour contracts.. 3 adv and 2dis
Adv:
- help a business to cover temporary gaps in staff numbers fue to sickness or holiday and can give employees a lot of flexibility in their working life.
- not a fixed pay.
- can be available when you need the,
Disadv:
- business has to be careful where flexible working contracts are fair and treat workers legally.
- employees who work flexible hours may charge more- increase costs.
How can technology impact working? (4)
1) Can improve efficiency of employees and businesses because there are fewer barriers to communication and it makes it possible to make business decisions quickly. Its also less outdated.
2) Work from home- remote working.
3) Potentially reduce wages of people by using automated robotics which could increase productivity.
4) Video conferencing ( Skype, Adobe)
How does technology benefit employees(3) and employers? (3)
Employers:
- lower costs due to less travel requirement and reduced workspace requirements.
- lower sickness rates as staff are less likely to take time off.
- happier staff because they can work more flexibly- less likely to leave business.
Employees:
- reduced time spent travelling to and from work and costs.
- more flexible times to start and end workdays.
- less chances of being preventred from getting n with work by conversations or meeting with colleagues.
What are the two main stages for recruitment?
- business needs to be clear about the different roles that it needs to fill and the responsibilities of these rolls.
- develop the documents and processes that are used for job applications and the selection process.
List the key jobs roles?(4)
1) Director
2) Senior managers.
3) Supervisiors and team leaders.
4) Operational and support staff.
