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MOB > 25 cardiovascular > Flashcards

25 cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

The __________ valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.

A

aortic semilunar

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2
Q

Which of the following valves prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle?

A

pulmonary semilunar

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3
Q

Which component of the cardiac conduction system is located between the ventricles and splits into left and right branches?

A

bundle of His

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4
Q

Which part of the cardiac conduction system is located in the wall of the right atrium?

A

SA Node

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5
Q

Which part of the cardiac conduction system is known as the pacemaker of the heart?

A

SA Node

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6
Q

Which part of the cardiac conduction system is located in the walls of the ventricles and cause the ventricles to contract?

Multiple Choice
SA node
AV node
bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
bundle branches

A

Purkinje fibers

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7
Q

Which part of the cardiac conduction system receives the impulse from the SA node?
Multiple Choice
SA node
AV node
bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
bundle branches

A

AV Node

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8
Q

The bundle of His splits into left and right bundle branches that carry an electrical impulse to the __________.

Multiple Choice
SA node
AV node
AV bundle
Purkinje fibers
mitral valve

A

Purkinje fibers

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9
Q

Which of the following causes dysrhythmia when elevated?

Multiple Choice
exercise
body temperature
potassium ions
calcium ions
phosphate ions

A

potassium ions

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10
Q

Which of the following can cause longer-than-normal heart contractions?
Multiple Choice
strenuous exercise
elevated body temperature
high concentration of potassium ions
high concentration of calcium ions
elevated heart rate

A

high concentration of calcium ions

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11
Q

Which of the following does not cause an increase in the heart rate?
Multiple Choice
strenuous exercise
elevated body temperature
parasympathetic nerve stimulation
sympathetic nerve stimulation
low concentration of potassium ions

A

parasympathetic nerve stimulation

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12
Q

Which of the following keeps the heart rate relatively low?

Multiple Choice
strenuous exercise
elevated body temperature
parasympathetic nerve stimulation
sympathetic nerve stimulation
high blood pressure

A

parasympathetic nerve stimulation

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13
Q

The cardiac control center responds to __________.
Multiple Choice
changes in blood pressure
increase in potassium ion concentration
strenuous exercise
increase in calcium ion concentration
Increase in body temperature

A

changes in blood pressure

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14
Q

The __________ have walls that are one cell thick.
Multiple Choice
arterioles
arteries
veins
venules
capillaries

A

capillaries

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15
Q

Venules and arterioles are connected by __________.
Multiple Choice
arterioles
arteries
veins
venules
capillaries

A

capillaries

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16
Q

Which of the following are the strongest blood vessels that function to carry blood away from the heart?

Multiple Choice
arterioles
arteries
veins
venules
capillaries

A

arteries

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17
Q

The __________ are small vessels that carry oxygenated blood.
Multiple Choice
arterioles
arteries
veins
venules
capillaries

A

arterioles

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18
Q

The __________ are small vessels that carry deoxygenated blood.
Multiple Choice
arterioles
arteries
veins
venules
capillaries

A

venules

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19
Q

Which of the following results in an increased blood pressure?
Multiple Choice
increased cardiac output
loss of blood
vasodilation
dehydration
shock

A

increased cardiac output

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20
Q

Which of the following does not decrease the blood pressure?
Multiple Choice
loss of blood
vasoconstriction
vasodilation
dehydration
decreased cardiac output

A

vasoconstriction

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21
Q

Which of the following veins drains the intestines?
Multiple Choice
mesenteric
renal
brachial
iliac
intercostal

A

mesenteric

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22
Q

Which artery supplies blood to the thigh?

Multiple Choice
left carotid
right subclavian
celiac
phrenic
femoral

A

femoral

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23
Q

The blood supply for the teeth comes from the __________ artery.
Multiple Choice
mesenteric
axillary
lumbar
lingual
maxillary

A

maxillary

24
Q

Which arteries supply blood to the rib area?
Multiple Choice
intercostals
external iliacs
axillaries
popliteals
occipitals

A

intercostals

25
Q

The __________ arteries supply blood to the forearm and hand.
Multiple Choice
brachial and popliteal
ulnar and radial
common iliac and external iliac
femoral and tibial
maxillary and lingual

A

ulnar and radial

26
Q

The __________ vein is the major vein in the legs.
Multiple Choice
azygos
intercostal
saphenous
jugular
brachiocephalic

A

saphenous

27
Q

Gluteal areas are served by the __________ veins.
Multiple Choice
azygos
intercostal
saphenous
iliac
popliteal

A

iliac

28
Q

The __________ vein takes blood to the liver from the intestines.
Multiple Choice
saphenous
iliac
mesenteric
axillary
gastric

A

mesenteric

29
Q

Blood leaves the armpits through the __________ veins.
Multiple Choice
saphenous
iliac
mesenteric
axillary
brachial

A

axillary

30
Q

The __________ vein removes blood from the thorax and abdomen.
Multiple Choice
azygos
intercostal
saphenous
iliac
axillary

A

azygos

31
Q

Which of the following causes of chest pain is heart-related?
Multiple Choice
Pleurisy
Heartburn
Angina
Inflammation of the pancreas
Costochondritis

A

Angina

32
Q

Which of the following causes chest pain only when someone pushes on the chest?
Multiple Choice
heartburn
costochondritis
pulmonary embolism
sore muscles
pleurisy

A

costochondritis

33
Q

Mr. Jackson is being seen in the urgent care center where you work because of severe chest pain. He says the pain is sharp and severe and gets worse when he coughs or breathes in. He is afraid he is having a heart attack. Based on these symptoms, you might suspect that he has
Multiple Choice
heartburn.
costochondritis.
a pulmonary embolism.
sore muscles.
myocardial infarction.

A

a pulmonary embolism

34
Q

Chest pain caused by __________ generally occurs only during body movements.
Multiple Choice
heartburn
costochondritis
pulmonary embolism
sore muscles
panic attacks

A

sore muscles

35
Q

If chest pain follows a meal and increases when the patient bends over, it is generally due to __________.
Multiple Choice
heartburn
costochondritis
pulmonary embolism
sore muscles
pleurisy

A

heartburn

36
Q

Karyn has been having episodes of tachycardia (rapid heartbeat) associated with her congestive heart failure. Karyn does not want to add “yet another” medication to those she is already taking. Which of the following options might help Karyn control her rapid heartbeat without medication?

Multiple Choice
maze procedure
vagal maneuvers
increased exercise
increased caffeine intake
electrical shock

A

vagal maneuvers

37
Q

Mr. Johnson is an overweight patient with a history of myocardial infarction four years ago. He is in the office today complaining that he just doesn’t feel well. He is experiencing nausea, shortness of breath, and a little dizziness. His feet and ankles seem swollen and his neck veins are prominent. For which of the following conditions might the practitioner test given the patient’s symptoms?

Multiple Choice
endocarditis
hypertension
mitral valve prolapse
congestive heart failure
acute myocardial infarction

A

congestive heart failure

38
Q

Mrs. Landon has been diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Her cholesterol level is high, and the licensed practitioner advised her to get more exercise and follow a low-fat diet. At her follow-up appointment, however, the licensed practitioner tests her cholesterol level and it is still unacceptably high. Which of the following medications might you expect the licensed practitioner to prescribe to help lower her cholesterol?
Multiple Choice
RhoGAM
Lasix
Lipitor
aspirin
ibuprofen

A

Lipitor

39
Q

The purpose of the four valves of the heart is to __________.
Multiple Choice
control the rate of blood flow
ensure one-way blood flow
keep the blood in the correct chamber
maintain blood pressure
generate rhythmic contractions

A

ensure one way blood flow

40
Q

Body cells surrounding capillaries usually have a __________.
Multiple Choice
high oxygen concentration
low oxygen concentrationCorrect
low carbon dioxide concentration
high nutrient concentration
low concentration of waste products

A

low oxygen concentration

41
Q

Water is forced through capillary walls by __________.
Multiple Choice
different concentrations of substances
low pressure of the blood
filtration
osmosis
diffusion

A

filtration

42
Q

In the clinical setting, blood pressure refers to __________.

Multiple Choice
lymphatic pressure
arterial pressure
osmotic pressure
venous pressure
intracardiac pressure

A

arterial pressure

43
Q

Blood pressure is greatest in the arteries __________.
Multiple Choice
when the heart is between contraction and relaxation
when the atria contract
when the Purkinje fibers are stimulated
when the SA node fires
when the ventricles contract

A

when the ventricles contract

44
Q

What causes a myocardial infarction?

Multiple Choice
damaged heart valves
weakened heart muscle
obstruction of blood flow to the heart muscle
a serious dysrhythmia
a defective SA node

A

obstruction of blood flow to the heart muscle

45
Q

The __________ lies on top of the visceral pericardium.
Multiple Choice
fibrous pericardium
parietal pericardium
myocardium
endocardium
epicardium

A

parietal pericardium

46
Q

Which of following is a membrane that covers the heart?

Multiple Choice
pericardium
myocardium
epicardium
endocardium
pericardial cavity

A

pericardium

47
Q

The outermost layer of the heart wall, which contains fat that helps cushion the heart, is known as the __________.
Multiple Choice
myocardium
visceral pericardium
parietal pericardium
endocardium

A

visceral pericardium

48
Q

Which of the following is the thickest layer of the heart, which is made up of muscle?
Multiple Choice
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
pericardium
pericardial cavity

A

myocardium

49
Q

Which layer of the heart is the outermost layer, which contains fat to cushion the heart?
Multiple Choice
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
pericardium
pericardial cavity

A

epicardium

50
Q

Which of the following is the innermost layer of the heart, which is thin and smooth?

Multiple Choice
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
pericardium
pericardial cavity

A

endocardium

51
Q

Which of these layers of the heart wall contains Purkinje fibers?
Multiple Choice
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
pericardium
pericardial cavity

A

endocardium

52
Q

Which valve is between the left atrium and left ventricle?
Multiple Choice
tricuspid
bicuspid
pulmonary semilunar
aortic semilunar
right atrioventricular

A

bicuspid

53
Q

What is the name of the valve that is also known as the mitral valve?

Multiple Choice
tricuspid
bicuspid
pulmonary semilunar
aortic semilunar
right atrioventricular

A

bicuspid

54
Q

The __________ valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk.
Multiple Choice
tricuspid
bicuspid
pulmonary semilunar
aortic semilunar
right atrioventricular

A

pulmonary semilunar

55
Q

The __________ valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.
Multiple Choice
tricuspid
bicuspid
pulmonary semilunar
aortic semilunar
left atrioventricular

A

aortic semilunar

MOB (15 decks)

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