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Bio 364 Exam 4 Ch. 24 > 24.8 the stomach: secretions of the stomach > Flashcards

24.8 the stomach: secretions of the stomach Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is chyme?

A

ingested food + stomach secretions

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2
Q

what types of cells in the stomach secrete mucus?

A

surface mucous and neck mucous cells

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3
Q

describe the mucus secreted by the stomach lining

A

viscous and alkaline

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4
Q

what protects the stomach from acidic chyme and the enzyme pepsin

A

mucus

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5
Q

what causes greater mucus production?

A

irritation of stomach mucosa

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6
Q

what is the fn of mucus secreted by the stomach lining?

A

protects the stomach from acidic chyme and the enzyme pepsin

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7
Q

irritation of stomach mucosa causes

A

greater mucus production

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8
Q

what is intrinsic factor?

A

binds with vit B12 and helps it to be absorbed

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9
Q

from where is the intrinsic factor secreted?

A

parietal cells

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10
Q

what are the secretions of the stomach?

A

mucus
intrinsic factor
HCl
pepsinogen

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11
Q

what 2 things do the parietal cells secrete?

A

intrinsic factor

HCl

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12
Q

what is the fn of HCl in the stomach?

A

kills bacteria
stops carbohydrate digestion by inactivating salivary amylase
denatures proteins
converts pepsinogen to pepsin

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13
Q

what is pepsinogen?

A

an inactive form of a digestive enzyme

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14
Q

how is pepsinogen released?

A

by exocytosis: packaged in zymogen granules

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15
Q

what type of cell is responsible for release of pepsinogen?

A

cheif cells

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16
Q

how does pepsinogen fn in the stomach?

A

it is converted to pepsin by a low pH caused by HCl

it catalyzes the breaking of covalent bonds in proteins

17
Q

how does pepsin work to denature proteins?

A

breaking the covalent bonds that hold the protein in its shape

18
Q

what has to diffuse from the blood into the stomach cells to begin production of HCl?

A

CO_2

19
Q

what happens to the CO_2 after it diffuses into the stomach cells?

A

it combines w/ H_2O

carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the rxn to form H_2CO_3 (carbonic acid)

20
Q

how does the carbonic acid (H_2CO_3) create HCl?

A

H_2CO_3 dissociates into HCO_3^- and H^+ ions

21
Q

how does Cl^- enter the lumen of the stomach to form HCl?

A

HCO_3^- is exchanged for Cl^- in the bl

Cl^- moves to the lumen of the stomach

22
Q

how do H^+ ions enter the lumen of the stomach?

A

must be actively transported out of the parietal calls against a [ ] gradient

23
Q

what decreases the E needed for active transport of H^+?

A

K+ from the lumen of the stomach moves into the blood

24
Q

H^+ and Cl^- combine to form

A

HCl

Bio 364 Exam 4 Ch. 24 (6 decks)

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