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Topographical Anatomy > 248. Regions of the back > Flashcards

248. Regions of the back Flashcards

1
Q

Borders of the back

A

superior: superior nuchal line

inferior: line from tailbone to spina iliaca posterior inferior and iliac crest

lateral: lateral surfaces of neck and trunk

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2
Q

What are 2 palapable anatomical landmarks on the back

A

External occipital protuberance

Spinous process of C7

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3
Q

Borders of regio colli posterior

A

Superior: Superior nuchal line

Inferior: Line from spinous process C7 to acromion of scapula

Laterally: Posterior neck region bounded by mastoid process to acromion

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4
Q

Regio colli posterior:

The superficial fascia contains sensory nerves and blood vessels. What is found below the Superior nuchal line?

A

Major occipital nerve

Occipital artery and vein

Also tertiary occiptial nerve

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5
Q

Regio colli posterior:

Cutaneous nerves of this region

A

Medial rami of the dorsal rami of spinal nerves 4-8

occiptales minor nerve from cervical plexus

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6
Q

Regio colli posterior:

Deep fascia:
Where is the nuchal ligament located

A

From external occipital protuberance and external occipital crest to spinous processes of cervical vertebrae

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7
Q

Regio colli posterior:

Deep fascia:
Muscles in this compartment

A
  1. Descending region of trapezius
  2. Rhomboid major and minor , splenius capitis and cervicis
  3. semispinalis capitis, longissimus capitis, levator scapuale
  4. Semispinalis cervicis,rotatores cervicis, iliocostalis cervicis, longissimus cervicis
  5. interspinales attached to spinous processes
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8
Q

Regio colli posterior:

Deep fascia:
What vessels supply these muscles

A

Medial and lateral branches of dorsal rami of soinal nerves

Comitant arterial and venous branches

Arteria et vena cervicalis profunda emerge between semispinalis cervicis and capitis

Occipital artery meets with major occipital nerve on posteriro head region

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9
Q

Regio colli posterior:

Are there any lymph nodes?

A

1/2 nodes: Nodi occipitales

Near trapezius insertion at superiro nuchal line

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10
Q

Regio colli posterior:

What is the suboccipital triangle bounded by and what are the contents

A

Medial: Rectus capitis posteriro major
Superolaterally: obliquus capitis superior
Inferolaterally: obliquus capitis inferior

CONTENTS:
1. Vertebral artery pierces atlantoccipital membrane and enters foramen magnum

  1. Plexus venosus suboccipitalis- v.vertabralis,v.cervicalis profunda, v.occipitalis
  2. Suboccipital nerve
  3. major occipital nerve
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11
Q

Borders of regio scapularis

A

medial: anguli costarum (v.column)

lateral: posterior border of deltoideus muscle

Superior: line between C7 spinous process and acromion

inferior: Line passing through inferiro angle of scapula

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12
Q

Regio scapularis:

Cutaneous innervation

A

Supraclavicular nerves and cutaneous brachii laterales superior nerves

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13
Q

Regio scapularis:

Where does the deep fascia attactch

A

fossa infraspinata and supraspinata
Forming osteofibrous sheaths for the muscles- separated by scapula spine

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14
Q

Regio scapularis:

The muscles in the 2 osteofibrous sheaths

A

superior sheath: supraspinatus muscle

Inferior sheath: Infraspinatus, teres major and minor

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15
Q

Regio scapularis:

What 2 foramina are found in this region

A

foramen axillare laterale (quadrangular space)

foramen axillare mediale (triangular space)

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16
Q

Regio scapularis:

How many NVBs in this region

A

3

17
Q

Regio scapularis:

Contents of each NVB

A
  1. (MAIN) n.a.v suprascapularis, a.v circumflexa scapulae and anastomose with a.v deep suprascapularis

2.(MED MARGIN SCAPULA) Ramus profundus of a. transversa colli and n. dorsalis scapulae

  1. n.acessorius, superfical branch of a. transversa colli
18
Q

Regio Infrascapularis borders

A

Superior: horizontal line passing inf angle scapula

Inferior: inf chest border (rib12)

Medial: anguli costarum

Lateral: posterior axillary line

19
Q

Regio Infrascapularis:

Muscles

A

superficial layer: latissimus dorsi

Deep: serratus posterior inferior and bit of obliquus externus abdominis

20
Q

Regio Infrascapularis:

cutaneous innervation

A

lateral rami of the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves

lateral cutaneous rami of the intercostal nerves

21
Q

Regio Infrascapularis:

how many NVB and contents

A

1

n.a.v thoracodorsalis

22
Q

Regio lumbalis borders

A

Superior: 12th rib

Inferior: Crista iliaca

Medial: erecotr spinae

Lateral: Posterior axillary line

23
Q

Regio lumbalis:

What is formed by the subcutaneous adipose layer and subcutaneous layer of gluteal region

A

massa adiposa lumboglutealis

24
Q

Regio lumbalis:

Cutaneous innervation

A

rr. laterrales of the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves

Superior clunium nerves

25
Q

Regio lumbalis:

The deep fascia covers the muscle layers comprised of what

A
  1. latissimus dorsi and lower part of obliquus externus abdominis
  2. serratus posterior inferior and obliquus internus abdominis
  3. transversus abdominis muscle and aponeurosis
26
Q

Regio lumbalis:

What triangular spce is formed by magins of latissimus dorsi and obliquus exterus abdominis

A

trigonum lumbale inferius (of petit)

27
Q

Regio lumbalis:

What triangular space is formed by serratus posteriro inferiror, obliquus internus abdominis and 12th rib

A

spatium lumbale

Floor of this covered by aponeurosis of transversus abdominis muscle

28
Q

Regio lumbalis:

What NVB pierces the aponeurosis of transversus abdominis muscle

A

n.a.v subcostalis

29
Q

Regio lumbalis:

What is fascia transversalis

A

Found deeper to m. transversus abdominis

Extends to form fascia quadrata

30
Q

What vessels courses through lumbar region

A

n.a.v subcostalis ,
n. iliohypogastricus
n. ilioinguinalis

31
Q

What branch from cervical plexus is the n.occipitalis minor coming from

A

C2-C3 ventral branch

32
Q

What branch is n. occipitalis major from

A

C2 dorsal spinal branch

33
Q

What branch is suboccipital nerve

A

C1 dorsal branch

34
Q

From what artery does the vertebral artery originate from

A

Subclavian artery

35
Q

Where is the best area to hear the sounds of lungs

A

Triangle of auscultation
It is close to inferior angle of scapula

Inf: latissimus dorsi
Superolaterally: Trapezius
Superomedially: Rhomboid major

36
Q

What branches are the intercostal nerves

A

VENTRAL branches of the thoracic nerves

37
Q

Where are nn. clunium superiores from

A

first 3 posterior branches of lumbar spinal nerves

Specifically the lateral branch (superiores)

38
Q
A

Topographical Anatomy (3 decks)

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