24.2 The Formation And Shapes Of Complex Ions

Question 1

What is a complex ion?

Answer 1

One or more molecules or negatively charged ions bonded to a central metal ion

Question 2

What is a ligand?

Answer 2

A molecule or ion that donates a PAIR of electrons to a CENTRAL METAL ION to form a coordinate bond

Question 3

What is a coordinate bond / dative covalent bond?

Answer 3

A covalent bond formed when one of the bonded atoms donates BOTH of the electrons for the adhered pair

Question 4

What is the coordination number?

Answer 4

The number of coordinate bonds attached to the central metal ion

Question 5

What are bidentate ligand?

Answer 5

Ligand that can donate TWO lone pairs of electrons to the central metal ion

Question 6

What are the two most common bidentate ligand?

Answer 6

1,2-diaminoethane and ethanedioate ion (oxalate ion)

Question 7

Can you draw 1,2-diaminoethane and ethanedioate ion?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What is the shape and bond angle of six-coordinate complexes?

Answer 8

Octahedral and 90

Question 9

What shapes and bond angles do four-coordinate complexes have?

Answer 9

Tetrahedral and 109.5

Square planar and 90

Question 10

When does a square planar shape only occur?

Answer 10

Only occurs with transition elements with EIGHT d-electrons in the highest energy d-sub-shell

E.g. platinum and gold