2.4 Organic compounds

Question 1

What is the empirical formula?

Answer 1

The simplest formula showing the simplest whole number ratio of the number of atoms of each element present

Question 2

How do you work out the empirical formula?

Answer 2

divide the percentage of the element present by its atomic number.
then divide each answer by the smallest answer of the previous step.
round up to the nearest sig fig and thats your answer.

Question 3

What are the three different types of structural isomerism?

Answer 3

• Chain
• Position
• Functional group

Question 4

What is the theme with melting points in hydrocarbons?

Answer 4

the longer the chain the higher the m.p
less branches = more surface = higher m.p
also being able to hydrogen bond increases m.p

Question 5

why cant basic hydrocarbons like butane dissolve in water?

Answer 5

As they cannot replace bonds in water as they do not hydrogen bond thus are insoluble.
Although carboxylic acids and alcohols are soluble as they hydrogen bond although as the chain length increases the solubility decreases.