2.4 enzymes

Question 1

what is an enzyme?

Answer 1

a biological catalyst

Question 2

what is an enzyme made from?

Answer 2

proteins

Question 3

how do enzymes speed up reactions?

Answer 3

they lower the activation energy required for a reaction

Question 4

lipase digests - into

Answer 4

lipids, fatty acids and glycerol

Question 5

amylase digests - into

Answer 5

starch, maltose

Question 6

protease digests - into

Answer 6

proteins, amino acids

Question 7

all enzymes are - proteins

Answer 7

globular

Question 8

enzymes are all

Answer 8

catalysts

Question 9

enzymes all have

Answer 9

specific active sites

Question 10

enzyme activity is affected by

Answer 10

temperature and pH

Question 11

enzymes regulate metabolic reactions at a

Answer 11

cellular level

Question 12

enzymes can influence the - and - of the whole organism

Answer 12

structure, function

Question 13

intracellular enzymes catalyse reactions

Answer 13

within cells

Question 14

extracellular enzymes catalyse reactions

Answer 14

outside of cells

Question 15

catalase is an - found in - (liver cells)

Answer 15

intracellular, hepatocytes

Question 16

catalase detoxifies - into water and -

Answer 16

hydrogen peroxide, oxygen

Question 17

activation energy is

Answer 17

the energy required to break the original bonds so that a reaction can proceed

Question 18

what is the current accepted hypothesis

Answer 18

induced fit hypothesis

Question 19

what is the theory of the induced fit hypothesis

Answer 19

the enzyme changes it’s active site slightly to achieve a better fit

Question 20

describe Brownian Motion

Answer 20

molecules in solution move randomly and continuously

Question 21

heat increases the

Answer 21

kinetic energy and ROR

Question 22

increased kinetic energy leads to…

Answer 22

• more frequent collisions

- more successful collisions

Question 23

when it’s too hot, which bonds in enzymes break first

Answer 23

H bonds and ionic bonds

Question 24

when it’s too hot, which structure of the protein breaks

Answer 24

tertiary

Question 25

when it’s too hot, the active site loses

Answer 25

its 3D conformational shape