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AQA Science B Unit 2 > 2.4 > Flashcards

2.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

how is limestone obtained from the ground

A

quarrying

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2
Q

uses of limestone in the building industry

production of iron/steel

A

structure of building

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3
Q

uses of limestone in the building industry

mortar

A

holds bricks or stone blocks together

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4
Q

uses of limestone in the building industry

glass

A

windows

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5
Q

concrete

A

roads

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6
Q

limestone to quicklime explanation

A

limestone is crushed, roasted in a kiln. carbon dioxide is released

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7
Q

limestone to quicklime reaction

A

heat
limestone (calcium carbonate) —> quicklime (calcium oxide) + carbon dioxide

CaCO3 —> CaO + CO2

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8
Q

quicklime to slakedlime explanation

A

add water to quicklime.

heat energy is released in the process

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9
Q

quicklime to slakedlime reaction

A

quicklime (calcium oxide) + water —> slakedlime (calcium hydroxide)
CaO + H2O —> Ca(OH)2

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10
Q

how is cement made

A

limestone is heated with clay and gypsum

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11
Q

how is mortar made

A

sand is added to cement and mixed with water

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12
Q

good properties of mortar

A

strong

cheap

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13
Q

mortar use

A

holds bricks together

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14
Q

concrete make?

A

mixing sand cement and stones

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15
Q

property and use of concrete

A

strong

build whole buildings

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16
Q

how to make glass

A

sand limestone and calcium carbonate heated

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17
Q

characteristic properties of metals

5

A 
good heat/electrical conductors 
malleable
resistant to corrosion 
strength
hardness
18
Q

what does it mean to be a good conductor

A

heat/electricity can travel through them easily

19
Q

pipes / wires have what two properties?

A

high melting point

ductile

20
Q

aluminium 2 properties

A

light weight

resistant to corrosion

21
Q

two examples of things made from aluminium

A

window frames

pans

22
Q

most polymers are manufactured using…

A

chemicals attained from crude oil

23
Q

polymerisation

when are polymers produced?

A

when many small molecules (monomers) join together to form very large molecules

24
Q

5 properties of polymers

A 
flexible
resistant to corrosion 
waterproof 
poor conductors
low melting point
easy to mould
25
Q

4 properties of ceramics

A

hard brittle solids
high melt
resistant to chemical attack

26
Q

examples of ceramics

(material and examples)

A

clay and china

tiles plates mugs

27
Q

what are composites made from

A

two or more type of material

combine different material’s best properties

28
Q

composite: reinforced concrete

2 properties

A

very strong

flexible

29
Q

composite: use

A

buildings

30
Q

composite: reinforced (fibre) glass

2 properties

A

strong

doesn’t shatter

31
Q

composite: reinforced fibre glass use

A

safety windows

32
Q

3 examples of manufactured construction materials

A

polymers
ceramics
composites

33
Q

example of a natural construction material

A

wood

34
Q

copper

A

water pipes

hot water cylinders

35
Q

why copper?

A

malleable
high melt point
good conductor
doesn’t react with water

36
Q

lead

A

flashing on roofs

37
Q

why lead?

A

unreactive

malleable

38
Q

2 advantages of quarrying

A
  • valuable material

* employment

39
Q

2 disadvantages of quarrying

A
  • waste, dust, pollution

* spoil landscape

40
Q

what is formed when calcium carbonate is heated?

A

calcium oxide (quicklime)

41
Q

how is slaked lime formed? (calcium hydroxide)

A

calcium oxide (quicklime) is added to water

42
Q

limestone can be thermally decomposed to form what?

A

quicklime (calcium oxide) and carbon dioxide

AQA Science B Unit 2 (9 decks)

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