2.4

Question 1

refers to the set of
standards that enable people to
live cooperatively in groups. It’s
what societies determine to be
“right” and “acceptable.”

Answer 1

MORALITY

Question 2

An American psychologist who
extended upon the foundation
that Piaget bult regarding
cognitive development

Answer 2

LAWRENCE KOHLBERG

Question 3

He developed his theory by
posing moral dilemmas to
people at all ages, then
analyzed their answers

Answer 3

LAWRENCE KOHLBERG

Question 4

They obey rules to avoid punishment or reap rewards or they act out of self interest.

Answer 4

LEVEL 1:
PRECONVENTIONAL MORALITY

Question 5

Children obey rules to avoid punishment

Answer 5

STAGE 1: PUNISHMENT/OBEDIENCE ORIENTATION

Question 6

Children conform to rules out of self interest and consideration for what others can do for them.

Answer 6

STAGE 2: INSTRUMENTAL PURPOSE AND EXCHANGE

Question 7

Concerned about being “good”, pleasing others, and maintaining the social order.

Answer 7

LEVEL 2:
CONVENTIONAL MORALITY

Question 8

Children want to please and help others, can judge the intentions of other, and develop their own ideas of what a good person is

Answer 8

STAGE 3: GOOD BOY/GIRL ORIENTATION

Question 9

People are concerned with doing their duty, showing respect for higher authority and maintaining the social order

Answer 9

STAGE 4: LAW AND ORDER ORIENTATION

Question 10

Early adolescence or not until young adulthood or never
People recognize conflicts between moral standards and make their own judgments on the basis of principles of right, fairness, and justice.

Answer 10

LEVEL 3:
POSTCONVENTIONAL MORALITY

Question 11

People do what they as individuals think is right, regardless of legal restrictions or the opinion of others.

Answer 11

STAGE 6: UNIVERSAL AND ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

Question 12

People think in rational terms, valuing the will of the majority and the welfare of society; “greatest good for
the greatest number.”

Answer 12

STAGE 5: SOCIAL CONTRACT

Question 13

Levels of morality

Answer 13

LEVEL 1:PRECONVENTIONAL MORALITY
LEVEL 2:CONVENTIONAL MORALITY
LEVEL 3:POSTCONVENTIONAL MORALITY

Question 14

stages of morality

Answer 14

STAGE 1: PUNISHMENT/OBEDIENCE ORIENTATION
STAGE 2: INSTRUMENTAL PURPOSE AND EXCHANGE
STAGE 3: GOOD BOY/GIRL ORIENTATION
STAGE 4: LAW AND ORDER ORIENTATION
STAGE 5: SOCIAL CONTRACT
STAGE 6: UNIVERSAL AND ETHICAL PRINCIPLES