2.3.2 Architecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Primary storage

A

Memory

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2
Q

Secondary storage

A

Name given to any device used to hold permanent copy of - save work

  • operating system
  • programmes
  • data
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3
Q

The need for secondary storage

A

Memory volatile

Then results of processing not stored there

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4
Q

Types of secondary storage

A

Magnetic
Optical
Flash

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5
Q

ROM

A

Used to permanently store basic I/o system

- instructions used to power up device and load operating system

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6
Q

RAM

A

Main memory

- temporarily store operating system, programmes and data being used

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7
Q

CACHE

A

Form of memory that can be r/w to
High speed volatile memory
Located in CPU
store copies of contents- most frequently used memory locations.
Searched by CPU before main memory.
Enables CPU to process instructions faster.

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8
Q

Magnetic storage media

A

Data stores as magnetically aligned particles on…

- a read/ write head- platters

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9
Q

How Can magnetic storage media read or write particles by

A
  • moving to the correct sector of the platters which are constantly moving.
  • and applying a magnetic force to the particles
  • when a programme is loaded or a file opened the 1s and 0s are read and copied into the memory
  • the permanent copy remains on the hard disk
  • when a file is saved the results of processing are copied from memory and written in a pattern of particles on the sectors and tracks of a hard drive platter.
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10
Q

FLASH

A
  • data is stored electronically on silicon based microchips.
  • look very different to RAM memory chips
  • transistors contain an extra part that allows for the input/ output kept in transistor to be stored when no power.
  • each FLASH device wiped at higher voltage required
  • cannot r/w to I definitely.
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11
Q

Typical optical storage media

A
CD-ROM 
CDR
CDRW
DVD
BLU RAY
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12
Q

CD-ROM

A

700mb

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13
Q

CDR AND CDRW

A

700mb

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14
Q

DVD

A

4.7gb

Smaller light wavelength used= more circles can fit in

Dual layer DVDs used 2 layers on top of each other.

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15
Q

BLU RAY

A

25gb

Blue light shorter wavelength than red
Used for HD storage media storage.

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16
Q

Optical storage media

A
  • laser beams are reflected back from the surface of the disk which
  • contain pits 0 and lands 1
  • the disk spins and data is read by the fixed laser reflector.
  • surface of disk is a spiral pattern from the centre of the disk outwards.
  • more concentric circles in higher capacity optical media.
  • determined by wavelength of light used
  • CD DVD BLU RAY used lower and less light wavelengths.
17
Q

Main memory

A

Part of internal memory
Immediate access memory
Made up of RAM

18
Q

C+ C main memory and cache

A

Both volatile
Cache is a form of RAM- main memory.

Contrast
Main memory- stores a portion of operating system, application software running and other data items needed when carrying out operations.

Cache memory- stores copies of contents most frequently used my memory locations.
Faster than main memory
More expensive

19
Q

Evaluate primary storage

A

Called memory
ROM- permanently store basic input output system
RAM aka main memory
Used to temporarily store OS, programmes and data being used and cache- very high speed memory used to store instructions that CPU most frequently needs.

20
Q

Evaluate secondary storage

A

Hold long term copies of programs and data we are using so they can be reloaded for use without need for reprogramming- also reload results of previous processing.

Magnetic
Optical
Flash

Some can be moved from computer to computer.