2.3 WORK AND ENERGY Flashcards
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR WORK DONE?
Work = Force x Distance moved
WHAT IS WORK DONE?
When a force acts on a moving body, energy is transferred. The energy transferred is known as the work done.
WHAT IS TRANSFERRED WHEN ‘WORK’ IS DONE?
Energy. The total amount of energy must remain constant at the beginning and the end of a movement.
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR A SPRING CONSTANT?
Spring Constant = force / extension
HOW CAN WORK DONE IN STRETCHING A SPRING BE CALCULATED?
Area under the force-extension graph
WHAT IS KINETIC ENERGY?
The energy an object possesses due to its motion
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR KE?
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 x mass x velocity^2
WHAT IS GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY?
The energy and object possesses due to its position
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR GPE?
GPE = mass x gravitational field strength x change in height
HOW DO YOU REDUCE AERODYNAMIC LOSSES IN VEHICLES?
By using more streamlined designs; this means the air resistance acting on the vehicle will be less.
HOW DO YOU REDUCE ROLLING LOSSES IN VEHICLES?
By having correctly inflated tyres. Vehicle designers work to reduce these losses by including sensors in the tyres to monitor the tyre pressure and warn the driver if the pressure is not correct.
HOW DO YOU REDUCE IDLING LOSSES IN VEHICLES?
Start-stop systems automatically stop and restart the engine.
HOW DO YOU REDUCE INERTIAL LOSSES IN VEHICLES?
By using lighter materials in the construction of vehicles. For example, lighter carbon fibre is used instead of heavier metals for certain car parts.
WHAT DOES A SEAT BELT DO?
designed to stop a passenger continuing to move forward in a collision
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF A CRUMPLE ZONE?
To change shape or compresses during a collision
