2.3 Sub Shells And Atomic Orbitald

Question 1

Define sub-shells(subsidiary quantum shells)

Answer 1

Regions of the principal quantum shells where electrons exist in defined areas associated with particular amounts of energy.

Question 2

Which principal quantum shells are split into sub-shells/sub-levels

Answer 2

All principal quantum shells apart from the first are small split into sub shells

Question 3

In any principal quantum shell, the energy of the electrons in the sub shell increases in the order

Answer 3

s<p<d

Question 4

In any principal quantum shell, the energy of the electrons in the sub shell increases in the order

Answer 4

s<p<d

Question 5

The order of sub shell in terms of increasing energy does not follow a regular patten after

Answer 5

The element argon

Question 6

How are the names of the orbitals deduced

Answer 6

When high speed electrons hit gas particles at low pressure, colored lines are seen through an instrument called a spectroscope. The letters s,p and d come from the terms used to describe these lines: sharp, principal and diffuse

Question 7

Define atomic orbitals

Answer 7

Regions of space outside the nucleus that can be occupied by a maximum of two electrons

Question 8

How many atomic orbitals are there in each subshell

Answer 8

S- one orbital
P- three orbitals
D- five orbitals

Question 9

What are the shapes of the orbitals

Answer 9

Each orbital has a three dimensional shape. Within this shape, there is a high probability of finding the electron or electrons in the orbital .

Question 10

A s orbit has a _________ shape

Answer 10

Spherical

Question 11

What are the shape of the three p orbitals

Answer 11

The shape is like an hourglass with two lobes. The three sets of lobes are arranged at right angles along the x(/), y(—)and z(|)

Question 12

What is the real electronic configuration of chromium and what is it’s expected electronic configuration

Answer 12

Chromium has the electronic configuration of 3d54s1 rather than the expected 3d44s2