23 - Reproduction Flashcards
Name some examples of how seeds can be dispersed.
Animals, water, wind
How do bees get attracted to plants to being with?
There are many ways.
The bucket plant produces chemical pheromones used to attract bees.
The inner sex organs of orchids look, feel and smell like female bees to attract male bees.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Yucca moths in terms of plant reproduction?
Advantage- they transfer pollen
Disadvantage- they lay their eggs in the ovaries and the hatched caterpillars feed on the developing seeds.
To get around this, the plant abscices the flower and kills the egg.
True or false.
A fig is a fruit.
False. A fig is an enclosed inflorescence.
In what plants is wind pollination most common?
Grasses and homogeneous tree communities.
Why do plants want to avoid self-pollination?
Self-pollination produces clones of the parent plant, which reduces genetic variation within the plant population.
How do plants avoid self-pollination?
- Staggered flowering times
- Structure modifications
- Biochemical Means
There are three different structural modifications of plants, what are they?
- Hermaphrodites
- Monoecious
- Dioecious
What are hermaphrodite plants?
Hermaphrodite plants have both male and reproductive parts on the same plant structure.
What are monoecious plants?
Monoecious plants have male flowers and female flowers in separate structures on the same plant
What are dioecious plants?
Dioecious plants are when there are separate “male plants” and “female plants”
What are ways of preventing fertilisation?
- Growth within the style
- No active hydration of pollen
- Emergence of tube
What is ballistic seed dispersal?
It is a mechanical process in which seed pods detonate, firing their seeds away from the parent plant
Simple fruit
One carpel, one flower
Pea fruit
Aggregate fruit
Many carpels, one flower
Raspberry
