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Growth & Development > 23. Feeding and Nutrition > Flashcards

23. Feeding and Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What is the American Academy of Pediatrics’ recommendation for breastfeeding duration?

A

Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, continue breastfeeding with foods until 12 months or older

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2
Q

What vitamin and mineral supplements might breastfed babies need?

A

Vitamin D and Iron

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3
Q

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of breastfeeding?

A

Improved eyesight

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4
Q

List two health risks reduced for mothers who breastfeed.

A

Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, diabetes (type 2), high blood pressure

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5
Q

Breastfed babies have a lower risk of which conditions? (Select all that apply)

A

Asthma, Diabetes (type 2), Obesity, SIDS

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6
Q

Which of these is a common breastfeeding issue?

A

Improper Latch

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7
Q

How often do most exclusively breastfed babies need to feed in a 24-hour period?

A

About 8 to 12 times

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8
Q

True or False: Babies can be fed directly from a bottle after 6 months without concerns about nutrition.

A

False

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9
Q

What should be done before introducing foods to a baby for allergy assessment?

A

Introduce one food at a time and wait 3 to 5 days before adding another

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10
Q

What are some foods to avoid before 2 years due to choking hazards?

A

Carrot sticks, whole grapes, popcorn, chewing gum

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11
Q

Why is honey not recommended for infants under 12 months?

A

Risk of botulism

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12
Q

True or False: Fortified cow’s milk can be introduced before 12 months.

A

False

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13
Q

How much 100% juice should be given to children after 12 months?

A

4 ounces or less per day

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14
Q

Which of these signs shows a baby is ready for solid foods?

A

Good head control, able to sit with little support

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15
Q

Which vitamin is essential shortly after birth for bone health?

A

Vitamin D

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16
Q

At what age do children typically need an additional source of iron?

A

Around 4 months

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17
Q

Why should unpasteurized juices and milk be avoided for young children?

A

Risk of E. coli infection

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18
Q

What is the role of the physical therapist in dietary screening per APTA?

A

Assist with diet & nutritional screening for patients and interdisciplinary teams

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19
Q

True or False: Homemade infant formulas are recommended by the FDA.

A

False

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20
Q

Name two benefits of giving babies a variety of food textures.

A

Develop fine motor skills, improve chewing skills

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21
Q

How often should formula-fed newborns be fed in the first days?

A

1 to 2 ounces every 2 to 3 hours

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22
Q

True or False: All infant formulas are regulated for minimum nutrition by the FDA.

A

True

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23
Q

Which organization warns against homemade infant formulas?

A

FDA and American Academy of Pediatrics

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24
Q

What is the recommended daily intake of water for infants between 6 and 12 months?

A

4 to 6 ounces per day

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25
Q

At what age is cow’s milk considered safe to introduce to children?

A

12 months

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26
Q

True or False: Adding cereal to a baby’s bottle will help them sleep longer.

A

False

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27
Q

What foods are common allergens to introduce carefully?

A

Milk, eggs, peanuts, shellfish, wheat

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28
Q

What should a parent do if the baby refuses to breastfeed?

A

Check for teething, illness, or environmental changes

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29
Q

Name a high-risk food for choking in children under 2.

A

Whole grapes

30
Q

What are early signs that a child is hungry (birth to 6 months)?

A

Puts hands to mouth, turns head towards food

31
Q

What is a common sign of fullness in a child aged 6 to 24 months?

A

Pushes food away

32
Q

Which vitamin does breast milk often lack in sufficient amounts?

A

Vitamin D

33
Q

Why is iron important for babies starting around 4 months?

A

For healthy growth and to prevent anemia

34
Q

True or False: SIDS risk is lower in breastfed babies.

A

True

35
Q

How should a bottle be positioned during feeding?

A

At an angle so milk only comes out when the baby sucks

36
Q

Why should babies not be put to bed with a bottle?

A

Increases risk of tooth decay and choking

37
Q

What are signs that a baby has had enough to eat?

A

Content and drowsy after feeding

38
Q

When introducing solids, how many days should you wait between new foods?

A

3 to 5 days

39
Q

True or False: All toddlers need toddler milks after 12 months.

A

False

40
Q

List two benefits of breastfeeding for mothers.

A

Lower risk of breast cancer, lower risk of high blood pressure

41
Q

Name one reason to avoid juice before 12 months of age.

A

Risk of excess sugar intake

42
Q

What type of milk should be avoided before 12 months?

A

Fortified cow’s milk

43
Q

What is the role of vitamin D for babies?

A

Helps build strong bones and prevent rickets

44
Q

Why should processed meats be limited for young children?

A

High in salt and preservatives

45
Q

Which foods are recommended to encourage in a baby’s diet?

A

Variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, meats, dairy

46
Q

What changes in feeding habits may occur when solid foods are introduced?

A

Breastfeed first, then offer solids

47
Q

What type of foods should be offered first to an infant when introducing solids?

A

Single-ingredient foods to assess for allergies

48
Q

How does breastfeeding benefit infants compared to formula feeding?

A

Reduces risk of infections, obesity, and certain diseases

49
Q

What are some symptoms of mastitis?

A

Pain, redness, and swelling in the breast

50
Q

Why might breastfed babies need additional iron at 4 months?

A

Breast milk has low iron content

51
Q

What should parents monitor when feeding infants with bottles?

A

Hunger and fullness cues

52
Q

Why is it important to introduce a variety of food textures?

A

Helps develop motor and chewing skills

53
Q

At what age can most children eat the same foods as the family?

A

Around 2 years

54
Q

True or False: Canned foods are encouraged for young children.

A

False

55
Q

What is one sign that a child may be ready for solid foods?

A

Opens mouth and leans forward when food is offered

56
Q

Name a high-protein food recommended for infants.

A

Soft pieces of chicken or fish

57
Q

How much infant formula should newborns typically consume per feeding?

A

1 to 2 ounces every 2 to 3 hours

58
Q

What nutrient must be supplemented if an infant drinks less than 32 ounces of formula?

A

Vitamin D

59
Q

What is a benefit of feeding expressed breast milk?

A

Allows for feeding flexibility and others to help feed

60
Q

What should not be mixed in a bottle with milk or formula?

A

Cereal or other solids

61
Q

What is a key safety tip when storing breast milk?

A

Refrigerate or freeze immediately after expressing

62
Q

What should be avoided in young children’s diets to prevent botulism?

A

Honey

63
Q

What is a benefit of whole grains for children?

A

Provides fiber and essential nutrients

64
Q

What should be done if a baby is not latching properly?

A

Check positioning and seek help if needed

65
Q

What dietary adjustment might be needed if a breastfeeding mother has sore nipples?

A

Change feeding positions or seek support for latch issues

66
Q

How should parents introduce allergenic foods?

A

One at a time with a 3 to 5-day wait in between

67
Q

True or False: Bottles should be propped up when feeding.

A

False

68
Q

What is the recommended portion size for initial solid foods?

A

1 to 2 tablespoons

69
Q

Why should high-sugar foods be limited for young children?

A

To prevent risk of obesity and dental problems

70
Q

What are some good sources of iron for children eating solid foods?

A

Fortified cereals, eggs, and red meat

71
Q

What is an important role of the physical therapist in nutrition for older adults?

A

Screen for dietary issues as part of an interdisciplinary team

Growth & Development (6 decks)

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