2.3 Carbon Compounds

Question 1

Organisms
are made up of _____ that consist of carbon and these other elements.

Answer 1

molecules

Question 2

What elements does carbon bond with to
make up life’s molecules?

Answer 2

Carbon bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur.

Question 3

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur are examples of?

Answer 3

Mnemotechnics

Question 4

“giant molecules.”

Answer 4

Macromolecules

Question 5

Many of the carbon compounds in living cells are so large that they
are known as

Answer 5

Macromolecules

Question 6

Name the four major groups of macromolecules found in living things are:

Answer 6

-Carbohydrates
-Lipids
-Nucleic acids
-Proteins

Question 7

Macromolecules is made from smaller units called

Answer 7

monomers

Question 8

Chains of monomers

Answer 8

polymers

Question 9

Living things use this as their main source of energy

Answer 9

carbohydrates

Question 10

Compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen atoms are called

Answer 10

Carbohydrates

Question 11

Sugar and starches are

Answer 11

Carbohydrates

Question 12

Many living things store
extra sugar as a carbohydrate called

Answer 12

starch

Question 13

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 13

Carbohydrates provide energy and structural support for living things

Question 14

Most macromolecules
are formed by a process

Answer 14

polymerization

Question 15

Carbohydrates divides into:

Answer 15

Simple Sugar and Complex Sugar

Question 16

These are single sugar molecules, also known as simple sugars.

Answer 16

Monosaccharides

Question 17

What include Simple sugars?

Answer 17

-Glucose
-Galactose
-Fructose

Question 18

Found in many fruits.

Answer 18

Fructose

Question 19

Found in milk.

Answer 19

Galactose

Question 20

A primary energy source for cells.

Answer 20

Glucose

Question 21

Found in Table sugar

Answer 21

Sucrose

Question 22

Made of one glucose and one fructose molecule.

Answer 22

Sucrose

Question 23

Made of two sugars, monosaccharides linked together.

Answer 23

disaccharide

Question 24

The large macromolecules
formed when simple sugars join together are called

Answer 24

Complex Carbohydrates

Question 25

Stored in animals as extra sugar, helps muscles during movement, provide energy in the blood.

Answer 25

glycogen

Question 26

Used by plants to store extra sugar.

Answer 26

Starch

Question 27

Gives plants strength and structure.

Answer 27

Cellulose

Question 28

Olive oil is

Answer 28

Lipid

Question 29

Fats, oils, and waxes are common

Answer 29

Lipids

Question 30

Are macromolecules that generally do not dissolve in water and are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 30

Lipids

Question 31

Lipids divides into

Answer 31

Saturated and Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 32

At least one carbon-carbon double bond exists.

Answer 32

Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 33

Many lipids are formed when a glycerol molecule joins with compounds

Answer 33

Fatty acids

Question 34

All carbon atoms are connected by single bonds

Answer 34

Saturated Fatty Acids

Question 35

Macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus.

Answer 35

Nucleic Acids

Question 36

Nucleic acids are

Answer 36

polymers

Question 37

They are made up of monomers called

Answer 37

nucleotides

Question 38

Nucleotides divides in three parts:

Answer 38

5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and nitrogenous base.

Question 39

are polymers of molecules called amino acids.

Answer 39

Proteins

Question 40

compounds with an amino group

Answer 40

Proteins

Question 41

store and transmit genetic information.

Answer 41

Nucleic Acids

Question 42

used to store energy

Answer 42

lypids

Question 43

control cell processes and the rate of reactions

Answer 43

proteins