2.2.3 Flashcards
what is a genotype?
the types of genes someone has (Aa, AA, aa)
what is a phenotype?
physical traits (eye color, blood type, height)
why two copies of every gene?
comes from two people so two copies are received
what is allele?
one of the letters (A or a)
what is a dominant gene/allele?
A - capital
what is a recessive gene/allele?
a - lowercase
what does homozygous mean?
two of the same alleles (AA or aa)
what does heterozygous mean?
having different alleles (Aa)
what are pedigrees used for?
shows phenotypes of generations of related people, symbols rep different things
square vs circle in pedigree?
square is male circle is female
shaded vs half shaded vs not in pedigree?
shaded is has trait, half shaded is carrier, not is unaffected
what does a slash mean in pedigree?
dead
what does diagonal lines instead of vertical/horizontal mean in pedigree?
twins
what is a punnett square, what does it do?
calculate chance someone inherits a trait
