2.2.2 Flashcards
what is substitution?
where one nucleotide is replace by another in DNA sequence
where is DNA housed?
nucleus
what is insertion?
when one or more nucleotide bases are added to DNA sequence
what is frameshift?
when insertion or deletion causes it to not be in multiples of 3, shifting everything afterward
what is deletion?
when one or more nucleotide bases are removed from the DNA sequence
what is a prognosis?
the chance cancer will be cured/survival, the outcome
how many types of mutations are there?
4
what is a codon?
sequence of 3 mRNA bases that decide to an amino acid
what are the different types of mutation?
substitution, insertion, frameshift, and deletion
where does transcription occur?
nucleus
where does translation occur?
ribosomes
when amino acids link and fold what does it create?
protein
what roles do proteins play in the body?
moving materials, building structures, defense, coordinating cellular activity, movement, driving cellular reactions
what are the steps of protein synthesis?
DNA - mRNA - protein
how can prognosis be altered?
age, health, cancer stage, cancer type, location, tumor size + growth rate
