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Digestion System Exam 5 > 223 > Flashcards

223 Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following are branches of the trigeminal nerve EXCEPT
ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular
greater petrosal

A

greater petrosal

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2
Q

All of the following cranial nerves are associated with taste EXCEPT
O CNV
O CN VII
O CN IX
O CNX

A

CNV

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3
Q

Motor is the primary function for all of the following cranial nerves EXCEPT the
oculomotor
abducens
trochlear
vestibulocochlear
accessory

A

vestibulocochlear

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4
Q

Audition and vestibular functions are associated with which of the following lobes of the brain?
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

A

Temporal

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5
Q

Sensory is the primary function for all of the following nerves EXCEPT the
optic nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
hypoglossal
olfactory

A

hypoglossal

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6
Q

All of the following cranial nerves are motor in function EXCEPT the
A
O oculomotor
O olfactory
O accessory
O trochlear

A

olfactory

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7
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves is associated with balance

CNV
CN VIII
CN IX
CN XII

A

CN VIII

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8
Q

The nerve commonly called the vagus nerve is the

Ninth cranial
Tenth cranial
Eleventh cranial
Fourth cranial

A

Tenth cranial

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9
Q

Which of the following nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue?
CNV
CN VII
CN IX
CN XII

A

CN XII

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10
Q

All of the following cranial nerves are associated with the movements of the eye EXCEPT
O CN II
O CN IlI
O CNIV
O CN VI

A

CN II

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11
Q

Taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is mediated by the
Trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
None of the above

A

Facial nerve

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12
Q

All of the following cranial nerves are associated with the movements of the eye EXCEPT
O CNII
O CN IlI
O CNIV
O CNVI

A

CNII

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13
Q

Which of the following nerve convey auditory stimuli?

CNII
CN VII
CN VIlI
CN XI
CN XII

A

CN VIlI

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14
Q

Olfactory sensation is convey by the
CNI
CNII
CNIlI
CNIV
CNV

A

CN I

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15
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves is associated with balance
O CNV
O CN VIII
O CN IX
O CN XII

A

CN VIII

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16
Q

Commonly called the vagus nerve is the
O Ninth cranial
O Tenth cranial
O Eleventh cranial
O Fourth cranial

A

Teeth cranial

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17
Q

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers EXCEPT
O CNII
O CN VII
O CN IX
O CNX

A

CNII

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18
Q

Which of the following nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue?
O CNV
O CN VII
O CN IX
O CN XII

A

CN XII

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19
Q

Sensory function to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue is mediated by the
nerve.

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Hypoglossal

A

Glossopharyngeal

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20
Q

There are ______ pairs of cranial nerves.
12
21
31
43
None of the above

A

12

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21
Q

All of the following are branches of the trigeminal nerve EXCEPT
ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular
greater petrosal

A

greater petrosal

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22
Q

All of the following cranial nerves are associated with taste EXCEPT
CN V
CN VII
CN IX
CN X

A

CN V

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23
Q

Sensory is the primary function for all of the following nerves EXCEPT the
optic nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
hypoglossal
olfactory

A

hypoglossal

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24
Q

All of the following cranial nerves are motor in function EXCEPT the
oculomotor
olfactory
accessorv
trochlear

A

olfactory

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25
Q

Motor is the primary function for all of the following cranial nerves EXCEPT the
oculomotor
abducens
trochlear
trochlear.
vestibulocochlear
accessory

A

vestibulocochlear

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26
Q

As a result of a viral infection, a patient has suffered destruction to the anterior gray horns in the lumbar region. What manifestations would you expect from this neurologic damage:

Numbness in the feet
Intense leg pain
Deterioration of motor activity in the legs and feet
Inability to move the fingers
Numbness in the fingers

A

Deterioration of motor activity in the legs and feet

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27
Q

The spinal cord:

Contains only sensory neurons
Contains only motor neurons
Contains only interneurons
Is exactly as long as the vertebral canal
None of the above

A

None of the above

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28
Q

_____ are found within the dorsal root ganglion

Cell bodies of motor neurons
Cell bodies of sensory neurons
Cell bodies of cortical neurons
Cell bodies of smooth muscle cells
Cell bodies of skeletal muscle cells

A

Cell bodies of sensory neurons

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29
Q

The spinal cord runs from the foramer magnum to the level of the _ vertebra.

10th thoracic
2nd sacral
1st lumbar
4th lumber
22nd cervical

A

Ist lumbar

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30
Q

There are pairs of cervical spinal nerves and _ pairs of thoracic spinal nerves.

Seven (7) - 12
Eight (8) - 11
Seven (7) - 11
Eight (8) - 12
None of the above

A

Eight (8-12)

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31
Q

There are._ pairs of lumbar nerves and ______ pairs of sacral spinal nerves

Five (5) - 5
Five (5) - 1
Five (5) - 3
Three (3) - 5
None of the above

A

five (5-5)

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32
Q

The spinal cord is enlarged at the _ and regions

Cervical - thoracic
Thoracic - lumbar
Cervical - lumbar
Thoracic - sacral
None of the above

A

Cervical - lumbar

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33
Q

The spinal cord passes through the

Foramen ovale
Foramen magnum
Foramen rotundum
Jugular foramen

A

Foramen magnum

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34
Q

The conus medullaris is the tapering point at the end of the spinal cord. It is located at approximately at the level of

T1-L2
T1-T12
L1-12
L5-51
52-54

A

L1-L2

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35
Q

The tail end of the spinal cord is not
“hanging loose.” It is actually anchored via the _ which connects to the cocc bone.

Cauda equine
Filum terminale
Conus medullaris
Cingulate rotundum
None of the above

A

Filum terminale

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36
Q

Which of the following transmit information from the spinal cord to the extremities of the body?
Dorsal root
Ventral root
Lateral root
Dorsal root ganglion
All of the above

A

Ventral root

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37
Q

The spinal cord consists of ascending and descending tracts. Which of the following is correct in reference to those tracts?

The ascending tracts are found in the white matter and transmit sensory information. The descending tracts are found in the gray matter and transmit
motor information.
The ascending tracts are found in the gray matter and transmit sensory information. The descending tracts are found in the white matter and transmit
motor information.
Both tracts are found in the white matter. The ascending tract transmits sensory information while the descending tracts transmit motor information.
Both A & B are correct.
Only A & C are correct

A

Both tracts are found in the white matter. The ascending tract transmits sensory information while the descending tracts transmit motor information.g

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38
Q

There are _____ pairs of spinal nerve.
Twelve (12_
Twenty-four (24)
Thirty-one (31)
Forty-six (46)
Fifty (50)

A

31

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39
Q

The deep groove on the ventral surface that extend the length of the spinal cord is the
Anterior median fissure
Central canal
Central sulcus
Median longitudinal fissure

A

Anterior median fissure

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40
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the four regions into which the spinal cord is divided?

Coccygeal
Lumbar
Thoracic
Cervical
Sacral

A

Coccygeal

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41
Q

The spinal cord is continuous superiorly with the

Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
Midbrain
Pons

A

Medulla oblongata

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42
Q

The inferior end of the spinal cord is anchored to the coccyx by the
Cauda equine
Conus medullaris
Fílum terminale
Tectum
None of the above

A

Fílum terminale

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43
Q

The reflex arc contains a
Sensory reception
Sensory neuron
Motor neuron
All of the above

A

All of the above

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44
Q

Which of the following are potential causes for spinal cord injuries?

Motor vehicle collisions
Falls
Violent injuries
Sport injuries
All of the above

A

All of the above

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45
Q

Diagnostic tools to assess spinal cord injury include

X-ray
CT scan
MRI
All of the above

A

All of the above

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46
Q

In a “fight-or-flight” situation, which of the following physiological changes may be experienced?

All of the above
dilation of the respiratory airways increased sweating
dilation of the peripheral blood vessels and in skeletal muscles

A

All of the above

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47
Q

All of the following are examples of parasympathetic discharge EXCEPT

contraction of the urinary bladder
relaxation of the sphincters of the digestive tract
increased salivation
increased heart rate

A

increased heart rate

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48
Q

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers to effectors EXCEPT

oculomotor
facial
glossopharyngeal
Correct!
hypoglossal

A

hypoglossal

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49
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is INCORRECT?

pre-ganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral region of the spinal cord
post-ganglionic neurons are located in ganglia within or adjacent to effectors
pre-ganglionic fibers are myelinated and short while post-ganglionic fibers are long
the effects of the parasympathetic division are more specific and localized than those of the sym
pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic neurons release only acetylcholine

A

pre-ganglionic fibers are myelinated and short white post-ganglionic fibers are long

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50
Q

Norepinephrine is secreted at

the dendrite ending
parasympathetic preganglionic nerve endings
most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings
sympathetic preganglionic nerve endings

A

most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings

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51
Q

A student is about to take a final exam.
One hour prior to the exam, the student experiences jitters, an elevated heart rate, an increase in blood pressure, increased respiration, cold sweats, and cold feet & hands. The symptoms are the result of

sympathetic activation
decreased levels of epinephrine in the blood
increased parasympathetic activity
decreased sympathetic activity

A

sympathetic activation

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52
Q

All preganglionic autonomic fibers release at their synaptic terminals, and the effects are always

norepinephrine, inhibitory
norepinephrine, excitatory
acetylcholine, inhibitory
acetylcholine, excitatory

A

Acetylcholine, excitatory

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53
Q

Alpha and beta receptors are components of the

sympathetic system
parasympathetic system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

A

Sympathetic system

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54
Q

The parasympathetic system is also termed the _____ division

acetylcholine
norepinephrine
epinephrine
dopamine

Craniosacral

A

Craniosacral

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55
Q

For the sympathetic division of the
ANS, the neurotransmitter released at the neuroeffector junction is

acetylcholine
norepinephrine
epinephrine
dopamine
dobutamine

A

Norepinephrine

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56
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the sacral division of the parasympathetic division EXCEPT

preganglionic fibers project through the pelvic nerve
mediate smooth muscle contraction in the descending colon
mediate penile erection
mediate ejaculation

A

mediate ejaculation

57
Q

Muscarinic receptors are found at myoneural and neuroglandular junctions and
are activated by acetylcholine release
are located on the surface of ganglion cells
Produce an excitatory or inhibitory response
are activated by norepinephrine

A

are activated by acetylcholine release

58
Q

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are components of the
sympathetic system
parasympathetic system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

A

parasympathetic system

59
Q

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate from
T1-T2 of the spinal cord
T1-L2 of the spinal cord
L1-L4 of the spinal cord
S2-54 of the spinal cord

A

T1-L2 of the spinal cord

60
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the sympathetic postganglionic neurons is most correct?

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons
Neurotransmitters release from sympathetic postganglionic neurons binds to nicotinic receptors
they secrete only norepinephrine
they have norepinephrine receptors on their dendrites

A

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons

61
Q

is the neurotransmitter released at the postsynaptic cleft of sweat glands.

Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine

A

Acetylcholine

62
Q

Neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal gland

are located in the adrenal cortex
release acetylcholine into blood capillaries
release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries
have no endocrine function
do not release neurotransmitters (neuroendocrine chemicals) when stimulated

A

release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries

63
Q

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers EXCEPT
CN II
CN VII
CN IX
CN X

64
Q

Urination (micturition) is under
Sympathetic control
Parasympathetic control
Somatic motor control
None of the above

A

Parasympathetic control

65
Q

Drugs that have effects similar to those of norepinephrine and epinephrine are called sympathomimetic drugs. Which of the following symptoms would you NOT expect to observe in a person who has taken an excess of sympathomimetic drugs?

Sweating
increased heart rate
rapid respiration
decreased blood pressure
dilated pupils

A

decreased blood pressure

66
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the sacral division of the parasympathetic division EXCEPT

• preganglionic fibers project through the pelvic nerve
O mediate smooth muscle contraction in the descending colon
O mediate penile erection
• mediate ejaculation

A

mediate ejaculation

67
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the sacral division of the parasympathetic division EXCEPT

preganglionic fibers project through the pelvic nerve
mediate smooth muscle contraction in the descending colon
mediate penile erection
mediate ejaculation

A

mediate ejaculation

68
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is INCORRECT
pre-ganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral region of the spinal cord
post-ganglionic neurons are located in ganglia within or adjacent to effectors
pre-ganglionic fibers are myelinated and short while post-ganglionic fibers are long
the effects of the parasympathetic division are more specific and localized than those of the sympathetic division
pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic neurons release only acetylcholine

A

pre-ganglionic fibers are myelinated and short while post-ganglionic fibers are long

69
Q

Drugs that have effects similar to those of norepinephrine and epinephrine are called sympathomimetic drugs. Which of the following symptoms would you NOT expect to observe in a person who has taken an excess of sympathomimetic drugs?

Sweating
increased heart rate
rapid respiration
decreased blood pressure
dilated pupils

A

decreased blood pressure

70
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the sympathetic postganglionic neurons is most correct?

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons
Neurotransmitters release from sympathetic postganglionic neurons binds to nicotinic receptors
they secrete only norepinephrine
they have norepinephrine receptors on their dendrites

A

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons

71
Q

_____ is the neurotransmitter released at the postsynaptic cleft of sweat glands.

Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine

A

Acetylcholine

72
Q

Neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal gland
are located in the adrenal cortex
release acetylcholine into blood capillaries
release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries
have no endocrine function
do not release neurotransmitters (neuroendocrine chemicals) when stimulated

A

release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries

73
Q

Muscarinic receptors are found at myoneural and neuroglandular junctions and
are activated by acetylcholine release
are located on the surface of ganglion cells
produce an excitatory or inhibitory response
are activated by norepinephrine

A

are activated by acetylcholine release

74
Q

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are components of the

sympathetic system
parasympathetic system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

A

parasympathetic system

75
Q

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate from

T1-T2 of the spinal cord
T1-L2 of the spinal cord
L1-L4 of the spinal cord
S2-54 of the spinal cord

A

T1-L2 of the spinal cord

76
Q

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers EXCEPT
CN II
CN VII
CN IX
CNX

77
Q

Norepinephrine is secreted at

the dendrite ending
parasympathetic preganglionic nerve endings
most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings
sympathetic preganglionic nerve endings

A

most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings

78
Q

All of the following are examples of parasympathetic discharge EXCEPT

contraction of the urinary bladder
relaxation of the sphincters of the digestive tract
increased salivation
increased heart rate

A

increased heart rate

79
Q

In a “fight-or-flight” situation, which of the following physiological changes may be experienced?

dilation of the respiratory airways
increased sweating
dilatation of peripheral blood vessels and in skeletal muscles
all of the above

A

All of the above

80
Q

All preganglionic autonomic fibers release
____ at their synaptic terminals, and the effects are always ____

norepinephrine, inhibitory
norepinephrine, excitatory
acetylcholine, inhibitory
acetylcholine, excitatory

A

acetylcholine, excitatory

81
Q

A student is about to take a final exam. One hour prior to the exam, the student experiences jitters, an elevated heart rate, an increase in blood pressure, increased respiration, cold sweats, and cold feet & hands. The symptoms are the result of

sympathetic activation
decreased levels of epinephrine in the blood
Increased parasympathetic activity
decreased sympathetic activity
only A & C are correct

A

sympathetic activation

82
Q

For the sympathetic division of the ANS, the neurotransmitter released at the neuroeffector junction is

• acetylcholine
• norepinephrine
• epinephrine
•dopamine

A

norepinephrine

83
Q

Signs and symptoms associated with parasympathetic discharge are

Miosis (pupillary constriction)
Contraction of smooth muscles in the bronchi
Contraction of smooth muscles in the urinary bladder
Decreasing the frequency/rate of cardiac muscle contraction
All of the above

A

All of the above

84
Q

All of the following are parasympathetic ganglia EXCEPT

Celiac
Pterygopalatine
Otic
Intramural
Ciliary

85
Q

Which of the following statements is most correct for the ANS?

Sympathetic discharge is more diffuse while those of parasympathetic is more localized
Sympathetic fibers arise from the thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord
Parasympathetic is primarily involved in homeostasis
Denervation of the parasympathetic division will result in death
All of the above

A

All of the above

86
Q

The parasympathetic system is also termed the

thoracolumbar
craniosacral
Jumbosacral
abdominopelvic

A

craniosacral

87
Q

Alpha and beta receptors are components of the

sympathetic system
parasympathetic system
central nervous.system
peripheral nervous system

A

sympathetic system

88
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the sacral division of the parasympathetic division EXCEPT

preganglionic fibers project through the pelvic nerve
mediate smooth muscle contraction in the descending colon
mediate penile erection
mediate ejaculation

A

mediate ejaculation

89
Q

is the neurotransmitter released at the postsynaptic cleft of sweat glands.

Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine

A

Acetylcholine

90
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the sympathetic postganglionic neurons is most correct?
They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons
Neurotransmitters release from sympathetic postganglionic neurons binds to nicotinic receptors
they secrete only norepinephrine
they have norepinephrine receptors on their dendrites

A

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons

91
Q

Neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal gland
are located in the adrenal cortex
release acetylcholine into blood capillaries
release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries
have no endocrine function
do not release neurotransmitters (neuroendocrine chemicals) when stimulated

A

release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries

92
Q

Muscarinic receptors are found at myoneural and neuroglandular junctions and
are activated by acetylcholine release
are located on the surface of ganglion cells
produce an excitatory or inhibitory response
are activated by norepinephrine

A

are activated by acetylcholine release

93
Q

Drugs that have effects similar to those of norepinephrine and epinephrine are called sympathomimetic drugs. Which of the following symptoms would you NOT expect to observe in a person who has taken an excess of sympathomimetic drugs?

• Sweating
increased heart rate
• rapid respiration
• decreased blood pressure
dilated pupils

A

decreased blood pressure

94
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the sympathetic postganglionic neurons is most correct?

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons
Neurotransmitters release from sympathetic postganglionic neurons binds to nicotinic receptors
they secrete only norepinephrine
they have norepinephrine receptors on their dendrites

A

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons

95
Q

is the neurotransmitter released at the postsynaptic cleft of sweat glands.
• Norepinephrine
• Epinephrine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine

A

Acetylcholine

96
Q

Damage to the
nerve will result in the inability to move the muscles of facial expression.
Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Accessory
None of the above

97
Q

Anosmia is the inability to _____ and results from damage to CN _____
Smell; I
See: Il
Feel pain; V
Balance; VIl
Detect pressure; 1X

98
Q

Which of the following cranial nerve is responsible for shrugging the shoulder and head turning?

Hypoglossal
Vagus
Spinal accessory
Trigeminal
Facial

A

Spinal accessory

99
Q

All the following cranial nerves are motor in function EXCEPT the

oculomotor
olfactory
accessorv
mrochiear
maboucer

100
Q

The Roman numerals assigned to each cranial nerve reflect

the order or their discoverv.
the sequence from anterior to posterior in which they emerge from the brain
their importance. with highest numbers being the most important.
the complexity of each nerve, with complex nerves having higher numbers
the sequence from posterior to anterior in which they emerge from the brain.

A

the sequence from anterior to posterior in which they emerge from the brain

101
Q

The oculomotor nerve

innervates all the muscles that move the eyeball.
adjusts pupil size to the level of lighting.
transmits action potentials from the retina.
controls the organ of balance.
innervates two of the six muscles that move the eyeball.

A

adjusts pupil size to the level of lighting.

102
Q

Ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid) of the left eye would be caused by damage to the
facial nerve
abducens nerve
trochlear nerve.
oculomotor nerve.
optic nerve.

A

oculomotor nerve.

103
Q

A fracture of the cribriform plate might injure the cranial nerve?

Glossopharyngeal
Trigeminal
Olfactory
Facial
Optic

104
Q

Bell’s palsy is associated with which cranial nerves?
Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Hypoglossal

105
Q

The facial and glossopharyngeal nerves
innervate the salivary glands
control movement of the tongue
are involved in the sense of smell
carry pain from the teeth

A

innervate the salivary glands

106
Q

All the following statements about the spinal cord are true/correct EXCEPT

It is approximately 18 inches in length
It contains both sensory and motor nuclei
It is associated with 31 pairs of spinal nerves
It is part of the PNS
it is covered by the meninges

A

It is part of the PNS

107
Q

The dorsal root of a spinal nerve is the site for _____ neurons, while the ventral root is the site of _____ neurons.
CNS, PNS
Sensory, motor
Efferent, afferent
Motor, sensory
None of the above

A

Sensory, motor

108
Q

The cervical enlargement of the spinal cord supplies nerves to the
Pelvis and legs

Should girdle and arms
Thorax and abdomen
Bk and lumbar region
None of the above

A

Should girdle and arms

109
Q

The white matter of the spinal cord contains
Sensory and motor nuclei
Somatic and visceral nuclei
Cell bodies of neurons and glial cells
Large numbers of myelinated axons

A

Large numbers of myelinated axons

110
Q

The area of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal and is dominated by the cell bodies of neurons and glial cells is the

White matter
Ascending tracts
Descending tracts
Gray matter
Substantia nigra

A

• Gray matter

111
Q

The posterior gray horns of the spinal cord contain
Ascending and descending tracts
Somatic and visceral sensory nuclei
Somatic and visceral motor nuclei
Anterior and posterior columns
None of the above

A

Somatic and visceral sensory nuclei

112
Q

Damage to the ____ nerve will result in the inability to move the muscles of facial expression.

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Accessory
None or the above

113
Q

Tic douloureux is a painful neuralgia associated with the

abaucens
olfactorv
trigeminal
vagus
facial

A

trigeminal

114
Q

Which of the following nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue?
• CNV
O CN VII
O CNIX
O CNX
• CN XII

115
Q

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers to effectors EXCEPT
• oculomotor
• facial
• g ossopharyngeal
• hypoglossal

A

hypoglossal

116
Q

Parasympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies are located in:

the white columns of the sacral segments of the spinal cord
the lateral gray columns of thoracic segments of the spinal cord
nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral division of the spinal cord
collateral ganelia
chain ganglia

A

nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral division of the spinal cord

117
Q

All of the following are examples of sympathetic stimulation EXCEPT

Constriction of the bronchioles
Decreased secretion of the pancreas
Constriction of the urinary sphincters
Dilation of skeletal muscle blood vessels
Increased heart rate and force of contraction

A

Constriction of the bronchioles

118
Q

The parasympathetic system is also termed the ____ division
• thoracolumbar
• craniosacral
• lumbosacral
• abdominopelvic

.

A

craniosacral

119
Q

Parasympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies are located in:

the white columns of the sacral segments of the spinal cord
the lateral gray columns of thoracic segments of the spinal cord
nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral division of the spinal cord
collateral ganelia
chain ganglia

A

nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral division of the spinal cord

120
Q

Alpha and beta receptors are components of the

sympathetic system
parasympathetic system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

A

sympathetic system

121
Q

Signs and symptoms associated with parasympathetic discharge are
O Miosis (pupillary constriction)
Contraction of smooth muscles in the bronchi
Contraction of smooth muscles in the urinary bladder
Decreasing the frequency/rate of cardiac muscle contraction
All of the above

A

All of the above

122
Q

All of the following are parasympathetic ganglia EXCEPT

Celiac
Pterygopalatine
Otic
Intramural
Ciliary

123
Q

Which of the following statements is most correct for the ANS?

Sympathetic discharge is more diffuse while those of parasympathetic is more localized
Sympathetic fibers arise from the thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord
Parasympathetic is primarily involved in homeostasis
Denervation of the parasympathetic division will result in death
All of the above

A

All of the above

124
Q

Cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers originating from the sacral division travel through the urinary bladder and lower colon.

splanchnic
pudental
pelvic
femoral
sciatic

125
Q

Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter secreted by all of the following neurons EXCEPT

Preganglionic parasympathenic nbers
Preganglionic sympathetic hbers
Postganglionic parasympathetic hers
Postganglionic sympathete hbers
Somatic motor neuron and neuromuscular unction

A

Postganglionic sympathete hbers

126
Q

Nicotinic receptors are located on the

Postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons
Postganglionic parasympathetic and parasympathetic effectors
Postganglionic sympathetic neurons and sympathetic effectors
Neuroeffector junctions of both sympathetic and parasympathetic

A

Postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons

127
Q

The reason why the sympathetic division of the ANS is termed the thoracolumbar system (division) because

its preganglionic neurons’ cell bodies of the spinal cord are located in the gray matter of the thoracic and lumbar segments
the axons of the preganglionic neurons control thoracolumbar inflow
it controls only organs and muscles in the thoracic and lumbar areas of the body
sensory stimulation is received via all thoracic and lumber nerve roots

A

its preganglionic neurons’ cell bodies of the spinal cord are located in the gray matter of the thoracic and lumbar segments

128
Q

All postganglionic neurons have
receptors.

Alpha adrenergic
Beta adrenergic
Nicotinic
Muscarinic
Dopaminergic

129
Q

The cell bodies of the preganglionic parasympathetic division arise in the brain stem and the sacral region of the spinal cord, and they travel along which of the following cranial nerves?

Oculomotor (CN IN
Facial (CN VII)
Glossopharyngeal (CN 1X)
Vagus (CN X)
All of the above

A

All of the above

130
Q

All postganglionic neurons have
receptors.

Alpha adrenergic
Beta adrenergic
Nicotinic
Muscarinic
Dopaminergicc

131
Q

All of the following are innervated by autonomic motor neurons EXCEPT:

skeletal muscle cells.
smooth muscle cells.
glands.
cardiac muscle cells.

A

skeletal muscle cells.

132
Q

In a “fight-or-flight” situation, which of the following physiological changes may be experienced?
• Dilation of the respiratory airways
• Increased sweating
• Increased heart rate and force or contraction
• Dilatation of peripheral blood vessels and in skeletal muscles
• All of the above

A

All of the above

133
Q

The two primary types of cholinergic receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system are

Alpha-adrenergic, beta adrenergic
Muscarinic, nicotinic
Alpha-adrenergic, nicotinic
Muscarinic, histaminergic
Nicotinic. donaminereic

A

Muscarinic, nicotinic

134
Q

Norepinephrine is secreted at

the dendrite ending
parasympathetic preganglionic nerve endings
most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings
sympathetic preganglionic nerve endings
most postganglionic parasympathetic nerve endings

A

most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings

135
Q

The posterior gray horns of the spinal cord contain

Ascending and descending tracts
Sensory nuclei
Motor nuclei
Anterior and posterior columns
None of the above

A

Sensory nuclei

136
Q

Sensory is a function for all the following nerves EXCEPT the
optic nerve
facial nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
hypoglossal
olfactory

A

hypoglossal

137
Q

Stimulation of which cranial nerves will result in decreased heart rate?

Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory
Hypoglossal
Trigeminal

138
Q

In pharmacological term, an agonist is

a substance that binds with a neurotransmitter to enhance its effects
a substance that blocks a hormone from applying its effect
a substance that prevents a receptor from receiving a hormone
a substance that activates a receptor producing the same ettect as a neurotransmitter
none or the above

A

a substance that activates a receptor producing the same ettect as a neurotransmitter

Digestion System Exam 5 (2 decks)

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