2.2.1 Electron structure

Question 1

How many electrons can the first shell hold?

Answer 1

2

Question 2

How many electrons can the second shell hold?

Answer 2

8

Question 3

How many electrons can the third shell hold?

Answer 3

18

Question 4

How many electrons can the fourth shell hold?

Answer 4

32

Question 5

Atomic orbital

Answer 5

Region around nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

Question 6

Shape of s-orbital

Answer 6

spherical

Question 7

Shape of p-orbital

Answer 7

dumbell

Question 8

What are the four types of orbitals

Answer 8

s,p,d, and f

Question 9

Number of orbitals making up s-sub-shell

Answer 9

1

Question 10

Number of electrons that can fill s-sub-shell

Answer 10

2

Question 11

Number of orbitals making up p-sub-shell

Answer 11

3

Question 12

Number of electrons that can fill p-sub-shell

Answer 12

6

Question 13

Number of orbitals making up d-sub-shell

Answer 13

5

Question 14

Number of electrons that can fill d-sub-shell

Answer 14

10

Question 15

Number of orbitals making up f-sub-shell

Answer 15

7

Question 16

Number of electrons that can fill f-sub-shell

Answer 16

14

Question 17

The filling of atomic orbitals

-Each atomic orbital can hold up to two electrons
-Orbitals are modelled as square boxes
-Electrons are negatively charged and repel each other
-Electrons in the same atomic orbital have opposite spins

Question 18

Rules by which electrons are arranged in a shell (5)

Answer 18

-electrons added one at a time
-lowest available energy level filled first
-each energy level must be filled before the next one can fill
-each orbital is filled singly before electron pairing
-4s orbital is filled before 3d orbital

Question 19

Why does 4s orbital fill before 3d orbital

Answer 19

4s orbital has a lower energy level