2.2.1 Electron Structure Flashcards
what is the order of the subshell
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s
what does sub shell s look like
its just one sphere
what does sub shell p look like
3 dumbell shapes
What property of electrons is represented by the direction of the arrows in the bus diagram
Opposite spins
how many electrons are there in each shell
1- 2
2 - 8
3 - 18
4 - 32
5 - 50
how many electrodes can each type of sub shell hold
s 2
p 6
d 10
f 14
which block does … belong to
group 1 or 2 = s block
transition metals = d block
group 3 - 8 = p block
Electron configuration of ions
O = [He] 2s2 2p4 What is O2-
[He] 2s2 2p6
Electron configuration exceptions Cu29 Cr24
Cr24 - [Ar] 4s2 3d5
Cu25 - [Ar] 4s2 3d10
(1 extra electron)
As the distance of each Electron from the nucleus decreases, nuclear attraction
Increases. so more energy is needed to remove each successive electron
the more electrons,
The bigger the substance so negative ions are bigger
Why does 4S fill before 3D
4S has a lower energy than 3D before it’s filled
How many electrons in total occupy the P orbitals Gr32
6+6+2 = 14
What is an orbital?
A region around the nucleus that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins
What are subshells?
Orbitals of the same type
What are the number of unpaired electrons in a sulphur16 atom?
Has six in outer shell uses two to pair for a fall out of show so has four left
What are the number of full shells in a krypton 36 atom?
Three
Magnesium oxide has high melting point in terms of its structure. Why does it have this property?
Magnesium oxide has a giant tool lattice which has strong bonding between oppositely charged ions which means a large amount of energy is needed to break ionic bonding
Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?
They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell so they have the same overall configuration of electrons which determine how they react the same
