2.2.1 - Electron structure Flashcards

1
Q

What does the principal quantum number indicate?

A

The shell occupied by the electrons

n

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2
Q

What is a shell?

A

A group of orbitals with the same principal quantum number

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3
Q

How many electrons can the 1st shell hold?

A

2

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4
Q

How many electrons can the 2nd shell hold?

A

8

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5
Q

How many electrons can the 3rd shell hold?

A

18

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6
Q

How many electrons can the 4th shell hold?

A

32

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7
Q

What is an orbital?

A

A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

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8
Q

How many electrons can a orbital hold?

A

2

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9
Q

What ar the 4 types of orbitals?

A

s
p
d
f

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10
Q

What is the shape of a s-orbital?

A

Spherical

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11
Q

What is the shape of a p orbital?

A

dumbbell shape

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12
Q

How many orbitals are found in a S subshell?

A

1

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13
Q

How many electrons can be held in a S subshell?

A

2

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14
Q

How many orbitals does P subshell have?

A

3

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15
Q

How many electrons can be held in a P subshell?

A

6

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16
Q

How many orbitals are present in a D subshell?

A

5

17
Q

How many electrons can be held in a D subshell?

A

10

18
Q

How many orbitals are found in a F subshell?

A

7

19
Q

How many electrons can full F subshel?

A

14

20
Q

When using “electros in box” representation, what shape is used to represent the electrons?

A

arrows

21
Q

What letter is used to represent shell number?

A

n

22
Q

From which shell onwards is S orbital present?

A

n = 1

23
Q

From which shell onwards is the P-orbital present?

A

n = 2

24
Q

From which shell onwards is the D - orbital present?

A

n = 3

25
Q

From which shell onwards is the F-orbital present?

A

n = 4

26
Q

What are the rules by which electrons are arranged in the shell? (5)

A
  • Electrons are added one at a time
  • Lowest available energy level is filled first
  • Each energy level must be filled before the next one can fill
  • Each orbital is filled singly before pairing
  • 4s is filled before 3d
27
Q

Why does 4s orbital fill before 3d orbital?

A

4s orbital has a lower energy than 3d before it is filled

28
Q

What is the electron configuration of krypton?

A

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6

29
Q

Which electrons are lost when an atom becomes a positive ion?

A

Electrons in the highest energy levels