2.2 - The Creativity Process Flashcards
What is the process of creativity as defined in the lecture?
The process of creativity is described as a form of problem-solving that begins with identifying an opportunity or problem and culminates in the creation of an end product. It involves several stages such as identifying the problem, understanding it deeply, generating ideas, evaluating those ideas, and finally implementing the chosen solution.
Who is Margaret Bowden and what concept did she introduce?
Margaret Bowden is a scholar who delved into the intricacies of creativity. She introduced the nuanced concepts of P-creativity (Psychological Creativity) and H-creativity (Historical Creativity). P-creativity refers to ideas that are novel to an individual, whereas H-creativity represents ideas that are novel in the broader context of human history.
What is the metaphor used to describe the creative process?
The metaphor used to describe the creative process likens it to a diver going into water. The observer can see the diver entering the water and then re-emerging, but the observer is unable to witness the activities that transpire in between, beneath the water’s surface. Similarly, in the creative process, we often see the starting problem and the final creative product, but the intricate steps and journey between these two points are often not visible.
What are complex problems often characterized by?
Complex problems are often ill-defined, meaning that they lack a clear, singular solution. They are also dynamic, with conditions or requirements that might evolve or change over time. Such problems do not have a one-size-fits-all answer and require a deep level of understanding and creative thinking for resolution.
Who was James Webb Young?
James Webb Young was a pioneer who first structured the creative process in the 1960s. His work primarily focused on the advertising field, and he was among the first to lay out specific stages for the creative process, many of which have stood the test of time and are still considered relevant in current research.
What are the stages of creativity as defined by Pond?
Pond outlined a multi-stage process for creativity that starts with ‘Fact-Finding,’ where one gathers all relevant information about the problem. This is followed by ‘Problem Understanding,’ which involves deepening one’s grasp of the problem’s complexities. The next stage is ‘Generating Ideas,’ where multiple possible solutions are brainstormed. ‘Evaluating’ comes next, where the generated ideas are critically assessed, followed by the ‘Implementing’ stage, where the chosen idea is executed.
What is the Consensual Assessment Technique (CAT)?
The Consensual Assessment Technique (CAT) is an evaluative method where a panel of experts in a specific domain collectively judge the creativity of a product or idea. This method aims to provide a more objective measure of creativity, based on collective expert opinion rather than individual bias.
What are the components of the Torrance Test of Creativity?
The Torrance Test of Creativity measures four key attributes of creative thinking: Fluency (the number of ideas generated), Flexibility (the diversity in types of ideas), Originality (the novelty or uniqueness of the ideas), and Elaboration (the depth and detail in which ideas are developed and expanded).
What are the key components of individual creativity?
Individual creativity is often seen as a composite of three main elements: Intrinsic Motivation (personal drive to create), Extrinsic Motivation (external rewards or recognition), Creative Thinking Skills (abilities like divergent and convergent thinking), and Domain-Specific Expertise (knowledge and skills in a particular field that enable creative problem-solving).
What is divergent thinking?
Divergent thinking is a cognitive process geared towards idea generation. It involves thinking expansively, without self-imposed limitations, to come up with a wide array of possible solutions or ideas. The focus is on quantity and breadth rather than quality.
What is convergent thinking?
Convergent thinking is the opposite of divergent thinking; it focuses on narrowing down the options to arrive at the best possible solution. It involves critical assessment and evaluation to either combine ideas into more effective solutions or to eliminate those that are not promising.
