2.2 pH and Salinity

Question 1

element

Answer 1

a substance which cannot be further divided into simpler substances by chemical methods; all elements are listed on the Periodic Table

Question 2

compound

Answer 2

a substance formed by a chemical combination of two or more elements in fixed proportions

Question 3

solute

Answer 3

a substance that dissolves in a liquid ( the solvent) to form a solution

Question 4

solvent

Answer 4

the liquid that dissolves the solid solute to form a solution; water is the most common solvent

Question 5

solution

Answer 5

formed when a substance ( solute) dissolves into another substance ( solvent)

Question 6

insoluble

Answer 6

the description of a substance that does not dissolve in a particular solvent

Question 7

salts

Answer 7

ionic compounds that can be made by the neutralisation of an acid with an alkali

Question 8

ions

Answer 8

charged particles made from an atom or group of atoms

Question 9

estuary

Answer 9

A partially enclosed, tidal, coastal body of water; it is where freshwater from a river meets the saline water of the ocean

Question 10

neutral

Answer 10

having a pH = 7

Question 11

acidic

Answer 11

A solution containing H+ ions in water; such a solution has a pH below 7

Question 12

alkaline

Answer 12

A solution containing OH- Iions in water; such a solution has a pH above 7

Question 13

pH scale

Answer 13

a scale running from 0 to 14, used for expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution; a neutral solution has a pH7