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AQA CHEMISTRY A LEVEL > 2.2 Group 2, alkaline earth metals > Flashcards

2.2 Group 2, alkaline earth metals Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the trend in atomic radius down group 2?

A
  • Increases
  • Atoms get bigger, and an extra shell each time.
  • So radius gets bigger
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2
Q

What is the trend in 1st IE down group 2?

A
  • Decreases

- Takes less energy to remove outer electrons as it goes down due to bigger AR.

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3
Q

What is the trend in melting point group 2?

A
  • Decreases
  • Bigger AR, so weaker attraction.
  • Strength of metal bond decreases so need less energy to break them.
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4
Q

What is the anomaly in melting point in group 2?

A

Magnesium has the lowest MP in group 2.

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5
Q

What is the trend in reactivity down group 2?

A
  • Increases
  • In reactions, gr 2 loses 2 outer electrons
  • As you go down the group, the AR is bigger so easier to lose
  • Therefore reactivity increases.
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6
Q

What are the conditions for Mg and water?

What does it form?

A
  • V slow in cold
  • Only occurs in hot
    White powder
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7
Q

Mg + Water =

A

Mg0 + Hydrogen gas

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8
Q

What are the conditions for Ca and water?

What does it form?

A
  • Faster in cold
  • More vigorous in steam
    White solid
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9
Q

Ca + Water =

A

Calcium Hydroxide + hydrogen gas

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10
Q

What are the conditions for Sr and water?

What does it form?

A
  • v. vigorous effervescence in hold & cold

Colourless

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11
Q

Sr + Water =

A

Strontium Hydroxide + Hydrogen gas

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12
Q

What are the conditions for Ba and water?

What does it form?

A
  • v. vigorous effervescence in hold & cold

Colourless

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13
Q

Ba + Water =

A

Barium Hydroxide + Hydrogen gas

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14
Q

Are group 2 oxidised or reduced?

A

Oxidised

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15
Q

What is the trend in gr2 hydroxide solubility?

A

Increases down the group.

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16
Q

What is the trend in gr2 sulphates solubility?

A

Decreases down the group.

17
Q

How to test for sulfates?

A
  1. Add nitric acid or hydrochloric acid to remove carbonate ions.
  2. Add barium chloride solution to test.
  3. White solid if positive tests.
18
Q

What is the use of barium sulphates?

A
  • Barium meals
  • Insoluble so safe to ingest
  • Used to outline the gut for X-Rays.
19
Q

What is the use of magnesium hydroxide?

A
  • Base that reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form MgCl and water.
  • Used as antacid.
  • Insoluble so safe to consume.
20
Q

What is the use of calcium hydroxide?

A
  • Used in agriculture
  • Increases the pH of soil to increase the crop yield.
  • Can use the CaO to neutralise acids in soil.

AQA CHEMISTRY A LEVEL (28 decks)

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