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AQA CHEMISTRY A LEVEL > 1.7 Redox > Flashcards

1.7 Redox Flashcards

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1
Q

What is oxidation?

A

The loss of electrons.

The gain of oxygen.

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2
Q

What is reduction?

A

The gain of electrons.

The loss of oxygen.

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3
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

When a species is reduced and another species is oxidised in the same reaction.

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4
Q

How do you formulate a half equation?

A
  1. Separate the ionic equation into the half equations.
  2. Balance both sides of the half equation with atoms.
  3. Add water to balance any oxygens.
  4. Add H⁺ to balance any hydrogens. (from the addition of 3. water)
  5. Add electrons so the charges on both sides of the equation are balanced.
  6. Recombine both equations.
    (if alkaline conditions add OH¯ to balance any excess H⁺)
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5
Q

Whats the acronym to follow to make half equations?

A 
Separate
Atoms
Water
Hydrogens
Electrons
Recombine
(SAWHER)
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6
Q

What is the oxidation state of an uncombined element?

A

0

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7
Q

What is the oxidation state of H?

A

+1

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8
Q

When is the oxidation state of H, -1?

A

In metal hydrides (ie NaH)

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9
Q

What is the oxidation state of group 1 metals?

A

+1

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10
Q

What is the oxidation state of group 2 metals?

A

+2

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11
Q

What is the oxidation state of Al?

A

+3

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12
Q

What is the oxidation state of O?

A

-2

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13
Q

What are the exceptions to the oxidation state of O?

A

-1 in peroxides

+2 in OF₂

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14
Q

What is the oxidation state of F?

A

-1

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15
Q

What is the oxidation state of Cl?

A

-1

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16
Q

What is the exception to the oxidation state of Cl?

A

+ve when in compounds of O/F

17
Q

What is the oxidation state when an element has been reduced to an ion?

A

-ve

18
Q

What is the oxidation state when an element has been oxidised to an ion?

A

+ve

19
Q

What is the oxidation state of the most electronegative element in a compound/reaction?

A

Always -ve

AQA CHEMISTRY A LEVEL (28 decks)

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