22 - Germany Flashcards
What is the climate of most wine regions in Germany?
What are the associated climatic problems/influences?
cool continental
wet summers - but rain declines in autumn during final stage of ripening
long cool ripening period -> gives grapes time ti build up sugar while retaining acidity
where are the best sites found in Germany? What are the vineyard management techniques common to these sites?
steep, stony slopes
southerly aspect to maximize the heat and sunlight
these slopes have to be worked by hand.
vines are head-pruned and individually staked and canes are tied in at top of stake, to allow sunlight and air to circulate.
Why is the harvest in Germany often spread out over several months?
The wines are classified by must weight - the level of sugar in the grape juice. Therefroe pickers pass through vineyard several times in order to ensure they get ideal grapes for each category
True/False: Qualitatsweine refers to dry styles of wine of both red and white wines of all quality levels
True
True/False: Pradikatsweine is an indicator of sweetness.
False. it is an indication of style, not sweetness
What are the levels of Pradikatsweine and what are their characteristics in terms of Riesling?
Kabinett: most delicate style - light body, high acid, apple and citrus. sweet or dry. sweet has lower alc (8-9%) and best sweet wines are made by stopping fermentation early to achieve better sugar/acid balance.
Spatlese: made same way as Kabinett. more concentrated, riper and have more body, alcohol, sweetness.
Auslese: made from individually selected extra-ripe bunches. richer and riper than Spatlese. noble rot can play important part in flavor profile (dry or sweet)
Beerenauslese and Trockenbeerenauslese: noble rot is typical for both styles but only necessary for TBA. not made every year. sweet, low alcohol. honey, dried stone fruit, candied peel, flowers.
Eiswein: noble rot is not a key component. varietal purity. fine balance between acidity and sweetness. also seek to maintain varietal flavors (use carefully selected yeast, handle juice with care, avoid MLF or new oak).
What is PGI wine in German called?
Landwein
What are the wine styles (in terms of sweetness) of the PDO wines of Germany?
in order of must weight at harvest, from lowest to highest:
Qualitatswein - dry to medium sweet
Pradikatswein: Kabinett - dry to medium sweet Spatlese - dry to medium sweet Auslese - dry to sweet Beerenauslese - sweet only Eiswein - sweet only Trockenbeerenauslese - sweet only
How many delimited regions are there for PDO wines?
13
what do the terms trocken, halbtrocken and feinherb refer to on German wine labels?
trocken: dry wines
halbtrocken: off-dry or medium sweet
feinherb: same as halbtrocken but does not have the negative association with lower quality wines that halbtrocken does. Feinherb is not legally defined, unlike the other two
How do German wines commonly indicate vineyard location on their labels?
name of village + name of the vineyard (i.e., Piesporter Goldtropfchen means from vineyard of Goldtropfchen located in village of Piesport).
What issue with the German wine classification system did the Verband Deutscher Pradikatsweinguter (VDP) seek to address?
there are no legally defined indications of quality (such as Premier Cru or Grand Cru) in Gerany. The members of VDP classified vineyards by consensus. this is typically only seen on dry Qualitatswein labels - these are called Grosses Gewachs (GG) and considered to be best dry wines in Germany
What two varieties is Muller-Thurgau a crossing of? What are its characteristics
Riesling and Madeleine Royale
ripens earlier than Riesling, less acidity and flavor intensity
can make attractive floral and fruity wine, but in Germany rarely produces high quality wine
After Riesling and Muller-Thurgau what is the 3rd most planted white variety in Germany? What are its characteristics
Silvaner
dry and sweet styles
less acidic and less fruity than Riesling
often earthy
What are the main white grape varieties in Germany?
Riesling
Muller-Thurgau
Silvaner
Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris
What are the main 2 black grape varieties in Germany?
Spatburgunder (Pinot Noir): thrives in warmer vineyard areas. Important in Pfalz and Baden. usually wines are dry, light and fruity or concentrated and oak aromas
Dornfelder: deep color.
other varieties: Portugieser, Trollinger, Schwarzriesling - light bodied, fruity. usually sold as Qualitatsweine to the domestic market.
What are the main wine regions of Germany?
Mosel, Nahe, Rheingau, Rheinhessen, Pfalz, Baden, Franken
What are the best villages in Mosel? Where is production concentrated? Where are the best vineyards situated?
Production concentrated in Middle Mosel
The best known villages: Piesport, Bernkastel, Wehlen
The best vineyards are on steep slopes, with slate soils right next to the river.
What are characteristics of Riesling from Mosel?
Lighter body
Lower alcohol and higher in acidity compared to Rheingau, Rheinhessen and Pfalz.
Floral and green fruit flavors predominate.
Saar and Ruwer are two tributaries of River Rhine that are included in Mosel region - the plantings here are small. Best wines are similar to Middle Mosel, but even more acidic. Sometimes grapes that do not ripen are used in sparkling wine.
Where are the vineyards of Nahe located? Where are the best vineyards?
Between Mosel and Rheinhessen
best vineyards are on banks of River Nahe, on steep, south-facing slopes
important village: Schlossbockelheim
What characterizes the wines made from Riesling in Nahe?
the style is between Mosel and the fuller bodied wines from Rheingau, Rheinhessen, and Pfalz. Riesling is the only permitted variety for GG wines. Compared to Mosel, acid is similarly high but slightly riper fruit given the warmer climate.
True/False: The Rheingau is a small, prestigious region
True
Where are vineyards of the Rheingau situated? What are the important villages of Rheingau?
Most are on slopes of north bank of River Rhine (to west of region) and the River Main (in the east) and have southerly aspect. The grapes experience optimal ripening conditions with the benefit of protection offered by hills to the north.
important villages: Johannisberg, Rudesheim.
What grape variety and wine style dominate in the Rheingau? What are the characteristics of the wines here?
Riesling dominates plantings
most wines are made in dry style
medium to full body
ripe peach character
