2.2 - China Flashcards
Who led and supported the KMT?
Chaing Kai-Shek ; Jhaing Jieshi and the USA/GB
Who led the CCP and supported?
Mao and USSR
Who did the USSR initially support?
KMT
When was the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the KMT?
14th August 1945
What was the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the KMT?
- Chiang acknowledged the Soviet military Occupation at Port Arthur and agreed to joint control of the ChangChung railway
- In return Soviets recognised KMT and said they were not to support the CCP
When were the Chongquing negotiations?
August 26th 1945
What were the arguments at the Chongquing negotiation?
Whether the CCP should have its own army as Chiang wanted all their troops under his control
What was the CCP’s repsonse to the Chongquing negotiation?
Mao would reduce his troops, if the KMT did too, but would not give control of his army to Chiang but both sides failed to meet an agreement
What was Mao told in September 1945 regarding Stalin?
Mao hears soviet forces are unofficialy ready to support the CCP
When did the Soviets advice the CCP to move 300,000 troops into Manchuria?
October 1945
What did Chiang inform Truman after USSR suggesting the movement of 300,000 troops?
Chiang informed Truman that the USSR’s violations of the Sino-Soviet treaty were a serious threat to peace in East Asia and asked the USA to mediate
What was the Marshall Mission?
Marshall mediated between Chaing and Mao to establish a KMT majority gov with CCP minority
When did Stalin insist on a truce?
Spring 1946
How does Truman’s truce aid the CCP?
Allowed them to regroup when the KMT were on the verge of victory
What did the KMT achieve in July 1946?
Chiang launched an assault and by Oct had pushed CCP out of the Yangtze region
HOWEVER did not capture Manchuria
When did the CCP launch its offensive from Manchuria?
December 1947 - March 1948
What was Soviet assistance to the CCP 1948-9?
- Sent Kovalev to oversee repair of bridges and railways to facilitate advance of CCP
What was US Assistance to the KMT 1948-9?
- US diplomats and Joint Chiefs of Staff and secretaries of defence and the navy urged military intervention to help the KMT
TRUMAN REJECTED THIS - Financial aid allowing KMT to buy arms
When were the KMT defeated at Yangtze River and Beijing was captured by CCP?
Jan 1949
When was the PRC proclaimed?
1st October 1949
When was the PRC recognised by GB?
1950
When was the PRC recognised by USA?
1971
When was the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the CCP?
14th February 1950
What were the 4 main components of the Sino-Soviet Pact?
- Co-operate in terms of defence against Japan or USA
- Peace treaty with Japan
3.Not conclude any hostile agreement with another power aimed at the other member of the pact - Consult closely on matters of mutual interest
Significance of the Fall of China to US foreign policy
- US lost atomic monopoly
- Security of Japan
- Domino theory
- Security in Asia
Taiwan importance to USA
- It was feared Taiwan would fall to Communism before the end of 1950
- Taiwan became essential to the US defensive position in Asia, but Mao considered it part of China’s territory
- There was agreement not to send troops in to defend Taiwan as the US could not stretch to this
