2.2 biological molecules

Question 1

in water what part is slightly negative and what part is slightly positive

Answer 1

oxygen -
hydrogen +

Question 2

what are the 5 properties of water making it vital to life
why are they

Answer 2

high specific heat capacity- temp control
high latent heat of evapouration- temp control
very cohesive-transport substances
good solvent- dissolve substances
less dense when solid- ice floats on it forms insulating layer on pond for example

Question 3

why does water have a high specific heat capacity

Answer 3

hydrogen bonds can absorb alot of energy making it take alot of energy to warm up

Question 4

why does water have a high latent heat of evapouration

Answer 4

it takes alot of energy to break hydrogen bonds in water so alot of energy is used up when water evapourates

Question 5

why is water cohesive

Answer 5

water is polar causing the molecules to tend to stick together making it flow easier and transport substances

Question 6

why is water a good solvent

Answer 6

slightly positive end of water molecules will attract to th negative ion and vise versa totally surrounding ions dissolving them

Question 7

why is water less dense when solid

Answer 7

space between hydrogen bonds making the lattice makes the molecules more spaces out and ice less dense

Question 8

what are the monomars that make up carbohydrates called

Answer 8

monosaccharides

Question 9

what are the 2 structures of glucose

Answer 9

alpha and beta

Question 10

how many carbon atoms does glucose have and what does this make it

Answer 10

6 and a hexose monosaccharide

Question 11

how many carbon atoms does ribose have what does this make it

Answer 11

5 making it a pentose monosaccharide

Question 12

what 3 elements make up all polysaccharides

Answer 12

carobn, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 13

what reaction take place and bond forms to join 2 monosaccharides

Answer 13

condensation reaction and glycosidic bond

Question 14

1 lone carbohydrate is a:
2 is:
and 3 or more is:

Answer 14

monosaccharide
disaccharide
polysaccharide

Question 15

what forms
maltose
sucrose
lactose

Answer 15

M: 2 alpha glucose molecules
S: alpha glucose and fructose
L: either A or B glucose and galactose

Question 16

starch is an energy store in plants, what 2 polysacchardies mix to make starch

Answer 16

amylose and amylopectin

Question 17

describe amylose

Answer 17

found in plants, only has alpha glucose, has only aplha 1-4 glycosidic bonds, not branched and is an energy store and makes up starch

Question 18

describe amylopectin

Answer 18

found in plants, has branched alpha 1-4 and alpha 1-6 glycosidic bonds, branched, energy store for plants (quick release due to branches) makes up starch

Question 19

describe glycogen

Answer 19

found in animals, branched alpha glucose, has branched alpha 1-4 and alpha 1-6 glycosidic bonds, energy store for animals ( quick release due to branches)

Question 20

describe cellulose

Answer 20

found in plants, beta glusocse, has only beta 1-4 glycosidic bonds, and makes yp the cell wall

Question 21

draw alpha and beta glucose

Answer 21

google picture