2.2 biological molecules Flashcards
Water:
Why are water molecules polar
Uneven distrubution of charge
- hydrogen are more positively charged than oxygen
Water:
Why is water a good solvent
molecules are polar, enables it to bind to solute molecules
Water:
What is a property of water
It has high specific heat capacity
Water:
What does having a high specific heat capacity mean?
requires alot of energy to heat up so temperature fluctuation is minimised
Water:
What is a property of water that relates to the density
Ice is less dense than water
- creates insulating layer
Monomers and Polymers:
Define monomers
small units that make up a polymer
Monomers and Polymers:
Define a polymer
Molecules made from monomers joined together by a reaction
Monomers and Polymers:
What reaction joins up monomers to make a polymer
A condensation reaction
Monomers and Polymers:
What happens in a condensation reaction
A water molecule is removed from a chemical bond
Monomers and Polymers:
What reaction breaks apart a polymer into monomers
A hydrolysis reaction
Monomers and Polymers:
What happens in a hydrolysis reaction
Water molecule is added back to a chemical bond between 2 molecules
Carbohydrates:
What makes up a carbohydrate
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and saccharide sugar chains
Carbohydrates:
What are the 3 different types of carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Carbohydrates:
How does a monosaccharide join together to make disaccharides and polysaccharides
By a glycosidic bond that is made via condensation reaction.
Carbohydrate (monosaccharide):
What is the main monosaccharide
Glucose
