2.1b Acids and Bases

Question 1

What is the Bronsted-lowry definition of acids?

Answer 1

an acid is a proton donor

Question 2

What is the Bronsted-lowry definition of bases?

Answer 2

a base is a proton acceptor

Question 3

What is there for every acid?

Answer 3

a conjugate base, formed by the loss of a proton

Question 4

What is there for every base?

Answer 4

a conjugate acid, formed by the gain of a proton

Question 5

Explain the ions of strong acids and bases

Answer 5

completely dissociated into ions in aqueous solution

Question 6

Explain the ions of weak acids and bases

Answer 6

partially dissociated into ions in aqueous solution

Question 7

Give 3 examples of strong acids

Answer 7

-hyrdochloric acid (HCl)
-sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
-nitric acid (HNO3)

Question 8

Give 3 examples of weak acids

Answer 8

-ethanoic acid (CH3COOOH)
-carbonic acid (H2CO3)
-sulfurous acid (H2SO3)

Question 9

What are strong bases?

Answer 9

solutions of metal hydroxides

Question 10

What are weak bases?

Answer 10

ammonia and amines

Question 11

What is the acid dissociation constant represented by?

Answer 11

Ka=[H3O+][A-]/[HA]

pKa = -log10Ka

Question 12

How can the approximate pH of a weak acid be calculated?

Answer 12

pH=1/2pKa-1/2log10c

Question 13

What does the soluble salt of a strong acid and a strong base dissolve in water to produce?

Answer 13

a neutral solution

Question 14

What does the soluble salt of a weak acid and a strong base dissolve in water to produce?

Answer 14

An alkaline solution

Question 15

What does the soluble salt of a strong acid and a weak base dissolve in water to produce?

Answer 15

An acidic solution