21.8.2013(acute Heart Failure) Flashcards
Atrial and ventricular arrythmias are present in ______ % of DCM pts
50
Mechanical ventilation in pulmonary Edema
Inability to maintain oxygenation by non invasive ventilation
Coexisting Hypercapnia
Diagnosis of DCM is confirmed by
Echo
Radionuclide ventriculography
Anti coagulation in DCM patients
H/O thromboembolic events
AF
Evidence of LV thrombus
Vaccinations recommended in DCM
Influenza
Pneumococci
Diastolic heart failure is common in
Elderly women
Most of whom have HT and DM
Myocardial disorders associated with diastolic heart failure
RCM
obstructive and non obstructive HCM
Infiltrative cardiomyopathies
Constrictive pericarditis
Most common inherited heart defect
HCM
LV obstruction in HCM is enhanced by
Increased contractility
Decreased ventricular volume
Components of HOCM
Assymmetric septal hypertrophy
Systolic anterior motion of mitral leaflet leading to MR and outflow obstruction
SCD in HCM is common in
10-35yrs
Occurs during strenuous exertion
Physical exam findings in HCM
Pulsus bisferiens
Forceful double or triple apical impulse
Systolic outflow murmur along left sternal border accentuated by manuevers that decrease ventricular preload
Rx of HCM
Beta blockers
Verapamil,diltiazem
SVT s are poorly tolerated in
HOCM
ICD placement in HCM pts,risk factors
Genetic mutations associated with SCD
Sustained ventricular tachyarrythmias
H/O syncope or near syncope recurrent or exertional in young pts
Multiple non sustained episodes of VT
Hypotensive response to exercise
LV hypertrophy with wall thickness of 30mm
H/o SCD in relatives
Surgical management of HCM
Septal myotomy-myectomy
Alcohol septal ablation
Restrictive cardiomyopathy must be differentiated from
Constrictive pericarditis
Causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy
Amyloidosis Sarcoidosis Hunter,hurler Hemochromatosis Hypereosinophilic syndrome Carcinoid heart disease