2.1.4 Acids Flashcards
Acid definition
Proton donor
Common strong acids
Hydrochloric
Sulfuric
Nitric
Base definition
Proton acceptor
What do bases do
Neutralise acids
Metal oxides, metal hydroxides and ammonia are examples
What is an alkali
Soluble base that releases OH- ions in aqueous solution
Most common alkalis
Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Aqueous ammonia
Difference between strong acids and weak acids
Strong completely dissociate in water
Weak partially dissociate in water, give equilibrium mixture
Acid and base reaction
Salt and water
Acid and carbonate reaction, with observations
Salt and water and carbon dioxide
Effervescence due to CO2 and the carbonate will dissolve
Method for a titration
Rinse equipment with distilled water
Pipette 25cm3 of alkali into conical flask
Touch surface of alkali with pipette
Add acid solution from bureyyr
Make sure jet space in burette is filled with acid
Add a few drops of indicator
Make sure white tile is underneath
Add acid to alkali whilst swirling the mixture add acid dropwise until end point
Repeat until concordant results
Concordant
Values within 0.1cm3 of each other
What should titre volumes be recorded to
2dp
0.05 cm^3
% uncertainty
Uncertainty/measurement x100
If used more than once u must multiply uncertainty by number of uses
How can you reduce % uncertainties
Use larger volumes
Percentage uncertainty of apparatus< percentage difference between actual value and calculated value
Then there is a discrepancy in result due to other errors
